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Physiology > Reproductive Physiology > Flashcards

Reproductive Physiology Flashcards

0
Q

Defined by presence of ovaries/testes

A

Gonadal sex

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1
Q

Defined by sex chromosome

A

Genetic sex

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2
Q

Defined by characteristics of internal genital tract & external genitalia

A

Phenotypic sex

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3
Q

Secreted by Sertoli cells to cause atrophy of Mullerian ducts

A

Antimullerian hormone

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4
Q

Secreted by Leydig cells for growth of Wolffian ducts

A

Testosterone

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5
Q

Which substance is suspected to initiate puberty?

A

Melatonin

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6
Q

What conditions may inhibit onset of puberty?

A

Stress, malnutrition

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7
Q

What is the first event in male puberty?

A

Testicular enlargement

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8
Q

What is the first event in female puberty?

A

Breast enlargement

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9
Q

Which hormone causes adrenarche (pubic hair, axillary hair development) in females?

A

Adrenal androgens

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10
Q

Seminiferous tubules

A

Sperm production

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11
Q

Epididymis

A

Sperm maturation, motility

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12
Q

Vas deferens

A

Sperm storage

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13
Q

Seminal vesicle

A

Sperm nutrition (fructose, prostaglandins)

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14
Q

Prostate gland

A

Semen alkalinity (spermine)

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15
Q

Bulbourethral glands

A

Mucus

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16
Q

Testes temperature

A

1-2 degree celcius cooler

17
Q

Responsible for testes temperature

A

Countercurrent exchange of the testicular vessels

18
Q

Duration of spermatogenesis

A

64 days

19
Q

Sperm production per day

A

128 million

20
Q

“Activation” of sperm in the female genital tract for 4-6 hrs

A

Capacitation

21
Q

What is the enzyme that convert androstenidione to testosterone?

A

17-B Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

22
Q

What is the enzyme that convert testosterone to androstenidione?

A

5a Reductase

23
Q

What is the 5a reductase inhibitor used for male pattern baldness & BPH?

A

Finasteride

24
Q

Cell which determines sex of baby

A

Sperm cell

25
Q

Part of the sperm cell that contains hyaluronidase, proteolytic enzymes

A

Acrosome

26
Q

Acrosome comes from which organelle?

A

Golgi apparatus

27
Q

Definition of low sperm count

A

<20 million sperms/mL

28
Q

Sequela of cryptorchidism

A

Infertility, testicular CA

29
Q

Loss of body hair, musculature, thick bones, decreased libido

A

Castration after puberty

30
Q

Vestigeal remnant of the 3rd eye; secretes melatonin which is involve in reproduction & sex drive

A

Pineal gland

31
Q

Produced by ovarian granulosa cell & inhibits FSH secretion from anterior pituitary

A

Inhibin

32
Q

Produced by ovarian granulosa cell & stimulates FSH secretion from anterior pituitary

A

Activin

33
Q

Average age of menarche

A

13 yo

34
Q

Average age menopause

A

45 yo

35
Q

Number of lifetime mature follicles

A

400 follicles

36
Q

Peak of sexual desire

A

Just before ovulation

37
Q

Helps in fertility

A

Female orgasms

38
Q

Fertilized ovum implanting on uterus

A

Blastocyst

39
Q

Sperm has ____ to fertilize the egg

A

1-5 days

40
Q

Egg has _______ to be fertilized

A

24 hrs

41
Q

Site of fertilization

A

Ampulla of the oviduct

Physiology (11 decks)

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