Respiratory PHARM

Question 1

what are the 2nd generation anti-histamines / anticholinergic

Answer 1

loratidine (claritin)
cetirizine (zyrtec)
fexofenadine (allegra)

*H1 blocker: seasonal allergies

Question 2

what are the 1st generation anti-histamines

Answer 2

diphenhydramine
hydroxyzine
promethazine (also in nausea/vomiting)

Question 3

steroids for inhalation

Answer 3

Fluticasone, Flonase (nasal), Flovent [HFA] (oral)
Mometasone, Nasonex (nasal), Asmanex (oral)
Beclomethasone, Beclovent (nasal), Qvar (oral)
Budesonide, Rhinocort (nasal), Pulmicort (oral)

Question 4

Muscarinic M3 blockers

Answer 4

tiotropium
ipotropium bromide

Muscarinic receptors in lung: M1, M2, M3, M4; M3 receptor is most important in mediating smooth muscle contraction and mucus gland secretion in the airway

Question 5

side effects of anti cholinergics

Answer 5

urinary retention

*make sure pt doesnt have urinary blockage like stones

Question 6

Montelukast

Answer 6

leukotriene blocker (leukocytes inflammatory)

Produce immediate, small improvement in lung function

Useful in aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (aspirin-sensitive asthma), asthma, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, allergic rhinitis