Respiratory Patho And Breathing

Question 1

Main structures of the Upper Respiratory Tract

Answer 1

Nose, Pharynx, Larynx

Question 2

Main Structures of Lower Respiratory tract

Answer 2

Trachea, bronchi tree, lungs

Question 3

Nose purpose

Answer 3

Passageway for air, moisten, examine for substance that may irritate the resp tract

Question 4

Paranasal Sinuses

Answer 4

4 air filled cavities, mucous that drains into nasal cavity

Question 5

Pharynx

Answer 5

Back of throat, divided into 3 parts, lined with mucous membranes

Question 6

Tonsils

Answer 6

Site of immune reaction ,lymphatic tissue

Question 7

Larynx

Answer 7

Triangle shaped cartilages, lined by mucous membranes to help remove dust and humidifies air
AKA voice box

Question 8

Where is the epiglottis located

Answer 8

In Larynx, protects trachea from food and drink

Question 9

Narrowest part of adult airway

Answer 9

Vocal cords

Question 10

Narrowest part of a pedicatric airway

Answer 10

Cricoid ring

Question 11

Vocal cords

Answer 11

Relaxed during normal breathing, contract and they produce sounds

Question 12

Trachea

Answer 12

Windpipe, supports airway, bifurcates at the carina

Question 13

Bronchial Tree

Answer 13

Passageway for air, removes all the rest of contaminants before alveoli

Question 14

The alveoli

Answer 14

Enveloped in networks of capillaries, to accomplish gas exchange between air and blood

Question 15

Lungs

Answer 15

2 coned shaped organs
Gas exchange happens here and it is most effective because of the massive surface area they provide

Question 16

Lung Recoil

Answer 16

Occurs because of elastic properties of the lungs

Question 17

4 Volumes

Answer 17

Tidal
Residual
Expiratory reserve
Inspiratory reserve

Question 18

4 Capacities

Answer 18

Functional Residual
Inspiratory
Vital
Total Lung

Question 19

Tidal Volume

Answer 19

Normal amount of air inhaled and exhaled

Question 20

Residual Volume

Answer 20

Air remaining in lungs after maximum expiration

Question 21

Expiratory reserve Volume

Answer 21

Maximum volume that can be moved out of the respiratory tract after normal expiration

Question 22

Inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 22

The maximal amount of additional air that can be drawn into the lungs by determined effort after normal inspiration

Question 23

Functional residual capacity

Answer 23

Refers to the volume of air left in the lungs after a normal passive exhalation

Question 24

Inspiratory capacity

Answer 24

Then maximum volume of air that can be inspired after reaching the end of a normal, quiet expiration

Question 25

Vital capacity

Answer 25

The largest volume of air an individual can move in and out of the lungs

Question 26

Total lung capacity

Answer 26

The total volume of air a lung can hold

Question 27

When does inspiration happen

Answer 27

When the atmospheric pressure is higher than the intrathoracic pressure Active

Question 28

When does expiration happen

Answer 28

Happens when atmospheric pressure is lower than the intrathoracic pressure Passive

Question 29

Inspiratory center

Answer 29

pacemaker of respiratory control centre rhythmically depolarize and send impulses via the phrenic nerve and intercostal muscles

Question 30

Expiratory center

Answer 30

When deeper expirations are required frequency of impulses is increased

Question 31

Factors influencing respiratory center

Answer 31

Direct stimulation, chemoreceptors, baroreceptors,

Question 32

Hering Breuer reflex

Answer 32

Regulates depth and rhythmaticty of resps

Question 33

Increase in body temperature

Answer 33

Increases the rate of breathing