Blood Vessels And Blood Disorders

Question 1

Layers of blood vessels

Answer 1

Tunica Adventita
Tunica Media
Tunica Intima

Question 2

Outer layer

Answer 2

Strong and flexible connective tissue, thickest layer in veins

Question 3

Middle layer

Answer 3

Smooth muscle tissue, allows for changes in blood pressure, thickest in arteries

Question 4

Inner layer

Answer 4

Made up of endothelial cells, in capillaries this is the only layer present in capillaries

Question 5

Elastic arteries

Answer 5

Largest in the body, near the aorta, allows for stretch

Question 6

Muscular arteries

Answer 6

Walls are thicker than elastic, carry blood further away from heart

Question 7

Arterioles

Answer 7

Also called resistance vessels, regulate blood flow to body

Question 8

Veins

Answer 8

Operate on low pressure side, carry blood back to heart

Question 9

Capillaries

Answer 9

Microscopic blood vessels, transfer of nutrients and the vital substances

Question 10

Peripheral resistance factors

Question 11

Peripheral resistance factors

Answer 11

Blood viscosity
vessel length
Vessel radius

Question 12

Blood reservoirs

Answer 12

Skin and organs

Question 13

Venous return methods

Answer 13

Gravity, respiratory pump and skeletal muscles

Question 14

ADH

Answer 14

Antidiuretic hormone that increases water reabsorption in kidneys thus increases blood volume (BP)

Question 15

Aldosterone

Answer 15

Works to increase reabsorption of sodium ions and water increasing BP, secreted in adrenal glands

Question 16

Histamine

Answer 16

Increases blood flow, mast cells release histamine, vasodilation

Question 17

Hemocrit

Answer 17

Proportion of RBC to total blood volume

Question 18

Anemia

Answer 18

Causes a reduction in the oxygen transport in the blood caused by decreased hemoglobin content

Question 19

Iron deficient anemia

Answer 19

Insufficient iron impedes creation of hemoglobin, small less concentrated RBCs result

Question 20

Pernicious anemia

Answer 20

Large immature RBCs, shiny tongue indicator

Question 21

Aplastic anemia

Answer 21

Impairment or failure of bone marrow to create RBCs leukocytes and platelets

Question 22

Hemolytic anemia

Answer 22

Premature destruction of RBCs

Question 23

Polycythemia

Answer 23

Increased production of RBCs usually secondary to

Question 24

Hemophilia

Answer 24

Deficiency of clotting factors

Question 25

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

Answer 25

Creates clots when body doesn’t need them and causes multiple thromboses and clotting factors isn’t available when body needs them

Question 26

Multiple. Myeloma

Answer 26

Cancer of plasma cells, which are responsible for producing antibodies and fighting infections

Question 27

Leukemia

Answer 27

Immature non functional leukocytes, multiple uncontrollably

Question 28

Hodgkins lymphoma

Answer 28

Single lymph node spreads systemically

Question 29

Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Answer 29

Multiple node involvement scattered throughout body