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exam 3 > Respiratory​ (Oxygenation) & Cardiac​ power point > Flashcards

Respiratory​ (Oxygenation) & Cardiac​ power point Flashcards

1
Q

how to calculate pulse pressure

A

systolic MINUS distolic pressure

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2
Q

normal pulse presure

A

40

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3
Q

A pulse pressure below 40 indicates

A

inadequate circulation

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4
Q

pulse pressure above 40 indicates

A

stiff arteries and heart muscle

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5
Q

mean arterial pressure must be at least

A

60

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6
Q

all heart sounds are on the ______ except _____

A

left, aortic

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7
Q

heart sounds of __ __ are considered _________

A

S3 S4, abnormal

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8
Q

assess feet and legs for

A

pulse and color

swelling

temperature

numbness or pain

hair growth

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9
Q

who carry oxygenated blood

A

arteries

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10
Q

who carry unoxygenated blood

A

Veins

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11
Q

arterial disease treatment

A

rest with legs down

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12
Q

venous disease treatment

A

rest with legs UP

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13
Q

cardiac irregularities Assessment findings

A

irregular heartbeat
difficulty breathing
dizziness with possible loss of consciousness

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14
Q

Blood returns to the

A

right atrium

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15
Q

right ventricle

A

pumps blood into the lungs to get re-oxygenated.​

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16
Q

Angina​ is

A

Chest pain due to ​ decreased oxygen to the heart.​

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17
Q

amgina treatment

A

rest

Nitro tablet sublingual. May repeat Q 5 minutes X 3

F STILL HAVING CHEST PAIN AFTER first 5 MINUTES:​

CALL 911.

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18
Q

Cardiac Arrest​ is

A

Injury to heart muscle due to lack of oxygen​

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19
Q

Cardiac Arrest Symptoms

A

Chest pain​

Nausea/Vomiting​

Sweating​

“Feeling of doom”​

SOA​

20
Q

Treatment for Heart Attack​ (MEDS)

A

remeber mona​

Oxygen​

Nitro​

Anticoagulant (ASA)​

Morphine​

21
Q

Modifiable Risk Factors ​for Heart Disease ​

A

Lipids​

inactivity

smoking

diabetes

HTN

stress

obesity

22
Q

The upper airways include

A

nose

nasal cavity

sinuses

pharynx

23
Q

The lower respiratory system consists of

A

trachea

the mainstem bronchi

lobar

segmental

subsegmental

24
Q

Hyperventilation causes

25
Q

Hypoxemia is

A

blood oxygen is low

26
Q

Hypoxemia are usually caused by

A

medication, CNS, high altitude, heat, exercise, panic, fear or anxiety​

27
Q

Hypoventilation causes

28
Q

Hypoxia is

A

poor tissue oxygenation

29
Q

Lung Elasticity causes

A

alveoli loose their elastic recoil

30
Q

Lung Elasticity is seen with

A

amphysema copd

31
Q

Lung Compliance is

A

ease of lung inflation
reduced by edema
loss of surfactant or scar tissue​

32
Q

Airway Resistance is

A

anything causing restriction in the airways

33
Q

types of COPD

A

Emphysema

Chronic bronchitis

Asthma

Pneumonia

Atelectasis

34
Q

Asthma is

A

chronic disorder that causes inflammation and constriction of the airways

35
Q

Pneumonia is

A

an infection in the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi.

36
Q

Atelectasis results from

A

blockage or collapse of air passages in at least one lobe of the lungs

37
Q

Factors Influencing Pulmonary Function​: ENVIROMENT

A

Stress​

Air Quality​

Altitude​

Temperature and Humidity​

Allergic reactions​

38
Q

Factors Influencing Pulmonary Function​: LIFESTYLE

A

Pregnancy​

Occupational hazards​

Nutrition​

Exercise​

Substance Abuse​

39
Q

Medications affecting pulmonary function

A

Anesthetics​

Opioids​

Antianxiety​

Magnesium sulfate

Beta blockers in asthmatics​

40
Q

Pathophysiological Conditions​ affecting pulmonary function: Upper Respiratory Infections

A

Influenza​

41
Q

Pathophysiological Conditions​ affecting pulmonary function: Lower Respiratory Infections​

A

Pneumonia​

RSV

TB

Acute bronchitis​

42
Q

other factors affecting pulmonary function

A

Fractured ribs or kyphosis​

pneumothorax​

43
Q

RISK FACTORS​ for pulmonary/ cardiovascular function

A

Demographic Data​

Health History​

Respiratory History​

Cardiovascular History​

Environmental History​

Lifestyle History​

44
Q

Signs of distress​

A

Nasal Flaring​

Retractions​

Use of accessory muscles​

Grunting​

Body position – Orthopnea difficulty breathing lying down ​

Stridor – high pitched inspiratory sound caused by partial obstruction of trachea or larynx​

Wheezing – musical sound caused by air passing through partially obstructed small airways (asthma)​

Edema

45
Q

Abnormal Lung Sounds

A

Crackles

Rhonchi

Wheezes

Stridor

Friction rub

Grunting

46
Q

CPAP is

A

machine that uses mild air pressure to keep breathing airways open while you sleep

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