respiratory muscle Flashcards
neuromuscular disease
ALS, MS
neuropathy neuromuscular
less severe and less frequent
myopathy, NMJ and anterior Horn neuromuscular disease
more severe more frequent
respiratory muscle in Obstructive disease
- hyperinflation
- altered relationship btw the chest wall and abdomen
- muscle ok
diaphragm is fatigue resistant?
yep; more type I fibers, more mito and thus increased ixidative capacity
MIP decreases as muscle length
decreases
Hoover’s sign signifies
hyperinflation
weak or paralyzed diaphragm is better in upright or laying down position
upright because diaphgram is pulled down by abdominal contents
innervation of C4-8 in relation to pulm
upper rib cage
and if paralyzed- we see upper rib cage paradox
Innervation: T1-T5
lifts upper rib cage and if paralyzed upper rib cage paradox
T1-T12
intercostal muscles
paralyzed leads to URC paradox and increase in WOB
innervation of abdominal muscles of expiration
T7-L1
primary muscles of expiration
tranversus abdominalis
internal oblique
external oblique
rectus abdominis
when are accessory muscle of inspiration active
- at increased VE
- increased WOB
Activation of Upper Airway (“Bulbar”) Muscles maintains
Patency & Stability
Of the Upper Airway
