Respiratory Histology

Question 1

Most respiratory tract epithelium

Answer 1

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 2

Sustentacular cells

Answer 2

columnar cells

physical support and nourishment

Question 3

Epithelium in

nasopharynx

oropharynx

layngeal pharynx

Answer 3

naso: respitatory
oro: stratified squamous
laryngeal: stratified squamous

Question 4

Hyaline cartilages

Answer 4

thyroid

cricoid

tracheal rings

Question 5

Elastic cartilages

Answer 5

epiglottis

Question 6

Epiglottis epithelial covering

Answer 6

superior: stratified squamous
inferior: pseudostratified ciliated columnar

Question 7

Trachea mucosa

distringuishing feature

Answer 7

very thick basement membrane

Question 8

Ciliated columnar cells

functions

Answer 8

move mucus

Question 9

Cross sectional area at each branch point…

Answer 9

increases

Question 10

Basal cells

function

Answer 10

divide to replenish goblet, ciliated columnar

Question 11

IgE receptors found on

Answer 11

mast cells

basophils

Question 12

Basal cells

Answer 12

pyramidal cells

replace sustentacular cells and olfactory cells

Question 13

Bronchus vs bronchioles

Answer 13

bronchi have cartilage

Question 14

Epithelium in bronchioles

Answer 14

ciliated simple columnar with occassional goblet cells

Question 15

Clara cells found in

Answer 15

bronchioles

Question 16

Opening of each alveolus controlled by

Answer 16

single sm muscle cell

contraction may reduce size

Question 17

Alveolar pores

Answer 17

help to regulate pressure differences between alveolar sacs

Question 18

Collagen in alveoili

Answer 18

type III collagent

Question 19

Goblet cells function

Answer 19

secrete mucus

Question 20

Type I vs type II pneumocytes

numbers

Answer 20

II > I

but I are huge, cover 95% of alveolar surface

Question 21

Beginning of respiratory portion

Answer 21

respiratory bronchioles

Question 22

Clara/club cell function

Answer 22

secrete glycoprotein

prevents collapse

degrade inhaled toxins via CYP450s

divide to regenerate bronchiolar epithelium

Question 23

Epiglottis cartilage

Answer 23

elastic

Question 24

Type II pneumocyte

epithelium type

Answer 24

cuboidal

Question 25

Surfactant lipids

Answer 25

dipalmitoyl phosphotydylcholine

phosphatidylglycerol

Question 26

Alveolar macophages

Answer 26

phagocytose excess surfactant

and particular matter

Question 27

Surfactant is phagocytosed by

Answer 27

type II pneumocytes and alveolar macrophages

Question 28

Blood-gas barrier made up of

Answer 28

type I pneumocytes

Question 29

Sympathetic innervation to lung

Answer 29

bronchodilation

Question 30

Parasympathetic innervation to lungs

Answer 30

bronchoconstricts

Question 31

Type I pneumocytes

epithelium type

Answer 31

simple squamous epithelium

Question 32

Tracheal rings cartilage

Answer 32

hyaline

Question 33

Thyroid and cricoid cartilages

Answer 33

hyaline

Question 34

Bronchi vs bronchioles

Answer 34

bronchi: cartilage
bronchioles: sm muscle

Question 35

Clara/club cell type

Answer 35

cuboidal

Question 36

Clara/club cells located in

Answer 36

bronchioles

Question 37

How are type I alveoli regenerated?

Answer 37

type II alveoli are type I alveoli stem cells

and they secrete surfactant