Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

101 Fundamentals > Respiratory Function > Flashcards

Respiratory Function Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Biology 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Upper Respiratory Tract

A

Mouth
Nose
Pharynx
Larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Lower Respiratory Tract

A

Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Aveoli
Lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Gas Transport: oxygen moves from lungs into tissue by two routes

A

Dissolved in plasma 3%

Attached to Hgb in RBCs 97%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The process of ventilation is regulated by

A

neural pathways in the brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What drives ventilation?

A

Carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Respiratory Rate: Newborn/Infant

A

30-60 bpm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Respiratory Rate: 3 y/o Child

A

20-30 bpm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Respiratory Rate: Into Adulthood

A

Gradually decreases to 12-20 bpm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What body position allows for greatest lung expansion?

A

An upright posture; standing or sitting erectly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Major Functions of Upper Respiratory System

A

Humidify, warm, and clean inspired air

Nose is highly effective in filtering foreign particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Major Functions of Lower Respiratory System

A

Further filter and clean incoming air

Mucus blanket traps bacteria/microscopic foreign particles, cilia, macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Smoking

A

Vasoconstricts
Mucus production increases
Slows mucociliary escalator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Can depress the CNS resulting in decreased respiration

A

Drugs and Alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Altered Lung Function: Restricted Lung Movement

A

Stiffen or may restrict expansion of the chest

May cause the lung to collapse
or alveoli to collapse (atelectasis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Altered Lung Function: Airway Obstruction

A

Narrowed airways

Mucus
Inflammation
Altered bronchial smooth muscle tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Respiratory Assessment: Inspection

A

Barrel-shaped chest
Cyanosis
Clubbing
Rate and pattern of respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Respiratory Assessment: Palpation

A

Look for swelling or tenderness and fremitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Respiratory Assessment: Percussion

A

Detect fluid-filled or consolidated portions of the lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Respiratory Assessment: Auscultation

A

Sounds are classified as bronchial, bronchovesicular, and vesicular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cyanosis and where to assess

A

Bluish skin discoloration

Central - Mucous membranes of eyes and mouth

Peripheral - toes/fingers, extremities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Clubbing

A

Enlargement and rounding of the tips of fingers/toes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Chest Deformity in Respiratory Issue

A

Barrel-shaped due to expansion of chest after long term inability to exhale all air in COPD patients

23
Q

Ronchi

A

Low-pitched, snoring or moaning

Fluid in larger airways

24
Q

Wheeze

A

High-pitched, musical sounds

Associated with narrowed airways

25
Q

Crackles

A

High-pitched, popping sounds

Alveoli

26
Q

Stridor

A

High-pitched, most severe type of inspiratory wheeze

27
Q

Nursing Diagnosis: Ineffective Breathing Pattern

A

Labored breathing

Inspiration/Expiration that does not provide adequate ventilation

28
Q

Nursing Diagnosis: Ineffective Airway Clearance

A

Cannot expel obstructions from the respiratory tract to maintain a clear airway

29
Q

Nursing Diagnosis: Impaired Gas Exchange

A

Crackles

Excess or deficit in oxygenation and/or carbon dioxide elimination at the alveolar-capillary membrane

30
Q

Venturi Mask

A

Most precise

31
Q

Before you suction, you should always

A

Hyperoxygenate / Preoxygenate

32
Q

Atelectasis

A

Collapsing of the alveoli

33
Q

Hypoxemia

A

Low concentration of oxygen in the blood

34
Q

Hypercapnia

A

High concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood

35
Q

Hemoptysis

A

Coughing up blood

36
Q

Quad Cough

A

Helps quadriplegic pts generate an effective cough; nurse will help by pushing in and upward like the Heimlich maneuver

37
Q

Low-Flow (Huff) Cough

A

Pt inhales deeply and says “huff” three or four times while exhaling

38
Q

Pursed-lip breathing

A

Causes back pressure in the airways

Eases expiration
Prevents air trapping

39
Q

Suctioning max time

A

no more than 10 seconds at a time

40
Q

Incentive Spirometer

A

Motivates the pt to breathe (inhale) deeply by offering the incentive of measuring progress

41
Q

Peak Flow Meter

A

Measures highest flow during maximal expiration

42
Q

Peak flow meter used for (population)

A

Asthmatics
Chronic Bronchitis
Emphysema

43
Q

Pts should use a spirometer how often?

A

8-10 times an hour

44
Q

Fremitus is what and how do you assess?

A

Vibration of air movement through the chest wall

palpating the back while the pt says “99”

45
Q

Fermitus increase

A

consolidation in the lung

46
Q

Fermitus decrease

A

pleural effusion or pneumothorax

47
Q

Atmosphere contains how much oxygen?

A

21%

48
Q

Accessory muscles when breathing

A

Neck
Shoulders
Sitting, forward leaning
Flaring of nostrils (infant)

49
Q

Infectious sputum characteristics

A

yellow/green
has putrid/musty odor

50
Q

How to thin out secretions

A

Hydrate

51
Q

Sputum culture (does what)

A

to identify the specific agent causing the infection

52
Q

Sputum sensitivity test (does what)

A

will determine which antibiotic to use

53
Q

Hyperventilation

A

PaCO2 lower than 35 mm Hg

54
Q

Aerosol Therapy

A

Add moisture to oxygen delivery systems
Hydrate thick sputum and prevent mucous plugging
Administer drugs to the airways (bronchodilators and corticosteroids)

101 Fundamentals (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions