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101 Fundamentals > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

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1
Q

Nursing Diagnosis: Imbalanced Nutrition, Less than body requirements

A

Intake of nutrients insufficient to meet metabolic needs

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2
Q

Nursing Diagnosis: Overweight

A

Individual accumulates excessive fat for age and gender

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3
Q

Carbohydrates: Simple sugars

A

Sugar
Syrup
Molasses
Honey
Fruit
Milk

Mono and Disaccharides

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4
Q

Carbohydrates: Complex sugars

A

Bread
Cereal
Rice
Pasta
Potatoes
Legumes
Crackers
Flour products

Polysaccharides

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5
Q

Complete proteins

A

Promote growth and maintain body tissues

Meat, fish, poultry, milk, cheese, and eggs

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6
Q

Incomplete proteins

A

Do not maintain life, build tissue, or promote growth

Dried peas and beans, peanut butter, seeds, fruits and vegetables, bread, cereal, rice, and pasta

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7
Q

Function of Fats

A

Cellular transport, insulation, protection of vital organs , energy storage, vitamin absorption, and transport of fat-soluble vitamins

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8
Q

Vitamin A function

A

Vision
Epithelium
Skeletal and tooth development
Cellular proliferation

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9
Q

Vitamin A deficiency

A

Night or total blindness
Epithelial changes
Follicular hyperkeratosis
Dryness of the eyes
Inadequate tooth and bone development

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10
Q

Vitamin D functions

A

Intestinal and Renal absorption of calcium
Mobilization of calcium and phosphorus from bone

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11
Q

Vitamin D deficiency

A

Rickets in children
Poor dental health
Tetany
Osteomalacia

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12
Q

Vitamin K function

A

Blood coagulation

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13
Q

Vitamin K deficiency

A

Possible hemorrhage
Hemorrhage disease of newborn

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14
Q

(B1) Thiamine deficiency

A

Poor appetite, mental depression, fatigue, and constipation

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15
Q

(B12) Cyanocobalamine deficiency

A

Leads to pernicious anemia

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16
Q

(B12) Cyanocobalamine foods

A

Meats, fish, poultry, milk and eggs

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17
Q

(B9) Folic Acid deficiency

A

Signs of glossitis
Diarrhea
Microcytic anemia
Birth defects

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18
Q

(B9) Folic Acid Functions

A

Coenzyme in protein Metabolism and cell growth
Necessary for RBC formation

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19
Q

(B9) Folic Acid foods

A

Dark leafy green vegetables, fruits, nuts, beans, peas, meat, eggs, seafood, and grains

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20
Q

Vitamin C functions

A

Protects against infection
Adequate wound healing
Collagen formation
Iron absorption
Metabolism of several important amino acids

21
Q

Associated with Vitamin C deficiency

A

Scurvy

22
Q

Calcium functions

A

Coagulation (prothrombin to thrombin)
Nerve impulse transmission
Contraction/relaxation of muscles

23
Q

What vitamin interacts with coumadin?

A

Vitamin K

24
Q

Iron deficiency anemia caused by

A

blood loss, chronic disease, pregnancy and lactation, diarrhea, and other nutritional deficiencies

25
Q

Iron deficiency symptoms

A

Excessive fatigue
Lethargy
Poor resistance to infection

26
Q

Sodium restrictions for

A

pts with heart disease, HTN, edema, renal disorders, liver disease, or pregnancy-induced HTN

27
Q

Potassium restrictions for

A

pts with renal impairment or renal failure

28
Q

Chronic Iodine deficiency

A

can lead to endemic goiter, or enlarged thyroid

29
Q

Choose My Plate: Grains

A

5-8oz

Wheat, rice, oats, cornmeal, barely, other cereal grain

30
Q

Choose My Plate: Vegetables

A

50% of plate portion

31
Q

Choose My Plate: Fruits

A

50% of plate portion

32
Q

Choose My Plate: Dairy

A

3 cups a day for people age 9 and older

33
Q

Choose My Plate: Protein

A

Fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids: salmon, trout, herring

34
Q

Full Liquid Diet

A

is ordered after surgery or after clear liquid diet has been tolerated, or for pts who cannot chew food adequately

35
Q

Soft Diet

A

reduced fiber content; for pts who have difficulty chewing or no teeth

36
Q

Renal Disease Diet

A

restrict Na, K, protein, and possibly fluids

37
Q

CHF Diet

A

restrict Na and calories

38
Q

CAD Diet

A

restrict Na, calories, and fats

39
Q

Burns Diet

A

increase calories, protein, vitamin C, and B complex vitamins

40
Q

Carbs are sparing

A

They spare protein

41
Q

Potassium-rich foods

A

Bread
Cereal
Fruits and vegetables

42
Q

NPO (nothing by mouth) uses

A

Promote GI tract healing
Surgery or diagnostic procedures
Prevent aspiration during surgery or in high-risk patients
Intestinal motility
Severe vomiting or diarrhea
Bowel obstruction

43
Q

Stomatitis

A

Mouth lesions; may occur with chemotherapy

44
Q

Overweight

A

BMI 25-29.9

45
Q

Obesity

A

BMI 30+

46
Q

Underweight

A

BMI below 18.5

47
Q

24-hr Recall

A

Pt recalls and records the type, quality, and method of preparation of all foods eaten within 24hrs

48
Q

Gastric Residua Volume GRV

A

Pull back volume should be 400-500mL, unless signs of intolerance

101 Fundamentals (17 decks)

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