Respiratory Disorders COPD Emphysema

Question 1

Pathophysiology

Answer 1

• Destruction of alveolar walls
• Inflated alveolar air spaces
• Lung tissue lost as blebs develop
• Decreased capillaries available
• Decreased Elasticity of lungs
• Fibrosis and thicking of bronchial walls from frequent infections and irritations
• Difficulty with expiration due to trapped air

Question 2

(Path) Destruction of_____ walls

Answer 2

alveolar

Question 3

(Path) _____ alveolar air spaces

Answer 3

inflated

Question 4

(Path) Lung tissue____ as _____ develop

Answer 4

lost, blebs

Question 5

(Path)_____ capillaries available

Answer 5

Decreased

Question 6

(Path) _____ Elasticity of lungs

Answer 6

Decreased

Question 7

_____ and thicking of bronchial ___ from frequent ______ and irritations

Answer 7

Fibrosis, walls, infections

Question 8

Difficulty with _____ due to trapped air

Answer 8

expiration

Question 9

Etiology

Answer 9

• Cigarettes
• Genetic (early onset)
• Air pollution

Question 10

Clinical findings

Answer 10

• Insidious
• Dyspnea on exertion/rest
• Prolonged expiration
• barrel chest from hyperinflation of lungs
• Anorexia, fatique, weight loss
• Hypoxia
• Changes in pulmoary function tests

Question 11

Medical Treatment

Answer 11

• Avoidance of: irritants, cigarettes
• Nutrition/hydration
• Exercise Program
• Breathing techniques: Pursed lips breathing
• Bronchodilators
• Antibiotics
• O2