Respiratory disorders

Question 1

COPD

Answer 1

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

- umbrella term for chronic bronchitis, asthma, ad emphysema

Question 2

leading cause of COPD

Answer 2

smoking

- other = air pollution, dust in workplace

Question 3

do respiratory infections cause COPD?

Answer 3

no!

• but can cause people with COPD very sick

Question 4

symptoms

Answer 4

mild at first

then wheezing, chest tightness, cough

Question 5

signs and symptoms later on

Answer 5

weakness, shortness of breath

Question 6

COPD airways

Answer 6

more mucus, clogging, the walls of the airspace damage, loose flexibility, airspaces get larger and air gets trapped, so can’t deflate, and fresh air doesn’t come in

Question 7

COPD is what cause of death

Answer 7

3rd

Question 8

age of COPD

Answer 8

over 40, more women die than men but more common in men

Question 9

cure for COPD

Answer 9

no cause only management

Question 10

management

Answer 10

healthy eating, stop smoking, excersise

Question 11

Dyspnea

Answer 11

laboured breathing or SOB

Question 12

DOE

Answer 12

dyspnea on excertion

Question 13

hypercapnia

Answer 13

excessive accumulation of Co2 in blood

Question 14

difference between chronic bronchitis and emphysema?

Answer 14

bronchitis = cough with mucus and is characterized by blue bloater and emphysema = pink puffer and is rapid breather and enlarged airsick with a cough that may or may not have mucus

Question 15

all COPD have

Answer 15

increased risk of infection, hypercapnia (Co2 levels raised), dyspnea

Question 16

blue bloater

Answer 16

fluid retention and risk of HF

Question 17

common comorbidities of COPD

Answer 17

DM, cancer, CVD, osteoporosis, depression and anxitety

Question 18

Pink puffer

Answer 18

emphysema

- pink tone from breathing hard, the, wasting, little cough

Question 19

emphysema

Answer 19

a long term, progressive disease of the lungs that cause shortness of breath due to over inflated alveoli ( damaged alveoli) and air is stuck inside

Question 20

spirometry

Answer 20

lung function test - forced expiry volume ( air blown out in 1 second)

Question 21

protein req for COPD

Answer 21

1.3-1.7 in intense inflammation, exaggeration

Question 22

medications used in COPD

Answer 22

bronchodilators and steroids

Question 23

short term side effects of prednisone (steroid)

Answer 23

HPT, hyperglycaemia ( steroid induced diabetes) weight gain, increased appetite), hyperlipidemia, osteoporosis, poor wound healing, growth retardation, fluid electrocyte balance

Question 24

log term side effects of prednisone

Answer 24

muscle wasting and protein catabolism calcium wasting

Question 25

how should we advise people on prednisone for respiratory disease to eat?

Answer 25

low salt, high cal/vit D, high protein, may need health healthy diet or to monitor glucose levels

Question 26

Blue bloater is similar to ?

Answer 26

heart failure

Question 27

Blue bloater symptoms

Answer 27

obese, cougared, edema, crackle/ wheeze, hemoptysis ( blood in cough), digital clubbing bc vasodilation

Question 28

what happens in blue bloater?

Answer 28

lack of O2 in circulation, heart and lungs are working harder, edema, blue is from a lack of oxygen

Question 29

blue bloater caused by?

Answer 29

BBB = blue bloater= bronchitis

Question 30

risk of overfeeding in response conditions

Answer 30

excess kcal and storage of fat contributes to the production of CO2 and increases the need for breathing and increases risk of mortality

Question 31

benefits and risk for planned underfeeding?

Answer 31

benefits= less work on the lungs but risk is that the patients tend to be underfed anyways

Question 32

BMI and survival in COPD?

Answer 32

normal or overweight have best prognosis

Question 33

what % of COPD at risk of malnutrition

Answer 33

60%