Dietary components affecting lipidemia and/or CVD risk

Question 1

dietary CH

Answer 1

less of an effect than SAT fats, but may be significant in some individuals ( but 1/3 don’t respond)

Question 2

independent mechanism in dietary CH intake

Answer 2

less LDL receptors, more CH in CM, VLDL and maybe interfere with HDL removal of CE

Question 3

total fat what’s the goal

Answer 3

35-35%

Question 4

how do sat fat recuse LDLR activity

Answer 4

less transcription, alter PL composition ( less binding)
and alter LDL itself ( less binding)
- this leads to higher LDL

Question 5

main effect of sat fats on blood lipids

Answer 5

increase LDL

Question 6

main effect of trans fats on blood lipids

Answer 6

increase LDL and LDL size and decrease HDL

Question 7

main effect of PUFA on blood lipids

Answer 7

decrease LDL and decrease TG

Question 8

how do PUFA decrease LDL and TG?

Answer 8

less TG content in VLDL and enhance LDL clearnence

Question 9

main effect of carbs on blood lipids

Answer 9

increase TG and decrease HDL

Question 10

how do excess or simple carbs decrease HDL and increase TG

Answer 10

sucrose, fructose lead to high lipogenesis which means high VLDL (TG)
and lots of TG circulating means lots of CETP which means more HDL catabolism

Question 11

alcohol on blood lipid levels

Answer 11

increase HDL ( in moderation) but may also increase liver TG

Question 12

when would someone want o avoid alcohol completely

Answer 12

hyper TG

HPT- dose dependent with alcohol intake end BP over 2 drinks a day
- moderation ( limit to one drink per day)

Question 13

why does alcohol affect BP?

Answer 13

1. stimulates SNS- faster HB
2. cortisol secretion
3. increases Ca uptake