chapter 12 in the book

Question 1

REE

Answer 1

60-75% of 24 h EE

roughly 1kcal/kg bw/hour

Question 2

1kcal/kg/hour

Answer 2

REE

Question 3

most important determinant of REE

Answer 3

LBM

Question 4

BEE is less or more than REE

Answer 4

BEE is less

REE can be taken after 30 mins rest in patient

Question 5

glucagon increase or decrease appetitie

Answer 5

decrease

Question 6

WAT vs BAT

Answer 6

WAT - single droplet, BAT multiple smaller droplets ( more in children), primal function is maintaining body temp- diet induced thermogenesis

Question 7

what do adipocytes release that affect health

Answer 7

they are metabolically active endocrine cells that release hormones involved in regulating appetite, energy balance body fat content, reproduction . can alter BP, blood coagulation, insulin sensitivity, lipid oxidation, serum lipid levels, cytokines–> low grade inflammation

Question 8

2 hormones produced by adipocytes

Answer 8

leptin (signals body that ample fat has been stored)
and adiponectin (says there is more space for fat to be stored)

Question 9

what happens with extreme obesity?

Answer 9

hyperplasia of adipocytes ( increase in numbers) whereas normally, hypertrophy ( just get bigger, and thus can shrink)

Question 10

diagnosing obesity

Answer 10

BMI is best and most convenient way to measure body weight of patients
- bc it is often impractical to measure body compartments ( technically obese if >25% in men, 33% in women is fat mass) but we can use BMI ( easier), obesity if >30 kg/m2

Question 11

waist circumference

Answer 11

to easily measure the fat distribution ( since abdominal fat is associated with greater risk of CVD and diabetes mellitus ( easier than MRI and CT )

Question 12

10% decrease in BW results in a __% decrease in REE

Answer 12

15%

- make it difficult to maintain weight loss after 6 months