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Pathophysiology > Respiratory diseases > Flashcards

Respiratory diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Normal respiratory rate

A

12-20 bpm

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2
Q

reflex that occurs when lung is overinflated. Delays the start of next inhalation

A

Hering-Breuer reflex

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3
Q

reflex causes constriction of bronchi and high-speed exhalation

A

cough reflex

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4
Q

reflex that initiates contraction of diaphragm when mm spindles are stimulated

A

stretch reflex

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5
Q

12-20 bpm normal breathing

A

eupnea

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6
Q

irregular depth of inhalations and exhalations, associated with heart failure or who are dying

A

Cheyne-Stokes breathing

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7
Q

cerebellar dysfunction w/ irregular depths of breath

A

Ataxic breathing

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8
Q

brain injury involved and pts have prolonged inhalation phase

A

apneustic breathing

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9
Q

additional volume of air that can be inspired beyond TV

A

inspiratory reserve volume IRV

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10
Q

additional volume of air that can be expired beyond TV

A

expiratory reserve volume ERV

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11
Q

amount of air remaining in the lungs after normal tidal exhalation ERV+RV

A

Functional Residual Capacity FRC

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12
Q

exchange of O2 and CO2 at the cellular level

A

respiration

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13
Q

amount of blood in pulmonary vessels that supplies the lung

A

perfusion

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14
Q

measurement between full inhalation and full exhalation

A

chest excursion/expansion

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15
Q

Pulmonary disease s/s (4)

A
  1. cough
  2. dyspnea
  3. central cyanosis
  4. chest pain
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16
Q

localized area of lung tissue filled with pus and encapsulated by fibrous tissue. bacterial

A

lung abscess

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17
Q

lung abscess s/s (3)

A
  1. fever
  2. dyspnea
  3. halitosis
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18
Q

lung abscess PT interventions (2)

A
  1. deep breathing ex

2. postural draining

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19
Q

chronic inflammation of the bronchial tree where productive cough is present for 3 consecutive months for 2 years or more. Blue Bloater

A

chronic bronchitis

20
Q

chronic bronchitis s/s (3)

A
  1. dyspnea
  2. productive cough
  3. breathing w/ accessory mm
21
Q

destruction of the walls of the alveoli caused by cigarette smoking. No cough. Pink puffer

A

Emphysema

22
Q

Emphysema s/s (3)

A
  1. barrel chest
  2. hyperventilation
  3. tachypnea
23
Q

Emphysema PT intervention (3)

A
  1. Vital sign monitoring
  2. deep breathing ex
  3. therapeutic ex
24
Q

chronic bronchitis PT intervention

A
  1. breathing ex
  2. postural drainage
  3. airway clearance
  4. aerobic activity
25
Q

acute, reversible inflammatory obstructive pulmonary condition. Caused by external stimuli. Excess mucous

A

Asthma

26
Q

Asthma s/s (3)

A
  1. wheezing
  2. coughing
  3. dyspnea
27
Q

Asthma PT intervention (4)

A
  1. breathing ex
  2. postural drainage
  3. airway clearance
  4. relaxation training
28
Q

hereditary disease of the pancreas. Malfunction of mucous membranes of pancreas and lungs

A

cystic fibrosis

29
Q

cystic fibrosis s/s (3)

A
  1. dyspnea
  2. no weight gain
  3. high Na in sweat
30
Q

cystic fibrosis PT intervention (3)

A
  1. postural drainage
  2. airway clearance
  3. aerobic activity
31
Q

inflammation of the alveoli and small bronchi caused by bacteria. common in immobilized pts

A

pneumonia

32
Q

pneumonia s/s (4)

A
  1. fever
  2. dyspnea
  3. tachypnea
  4. rales (rattling)
33
Q

pneumonia PT interventions (3)

A
  1. breathing ex
  2. airway clearance
  3. postural draining
34
Q

bacterial lung disease transmitted through coughing or sneezing

A

tuberculosis

35
Q

tuberculosis s/s (4)

A
  1. productive cough
  2. fatigue
  3. fever
  4. weight loss
36
Q

tuberculosis PT intervention

A

none, unless to increase function

37
Q

lung cancer/tumor s/s (4)

A
  1. dry cough
  2. dyspnea
  3. fatigue
  4. weight loss
38
Q

Lung cancer PT intervention (2)

A
  1. postural draining post op

2. endurance

39
Q

areas of lung tissue deprived of O2. may develop due to clot, fat deposits, air, or bone.

A

pulmonary infarction

40
Q

pulmonary infarction s/s (3)

A
  1. Intense pain
  2. dyspnea
  3. seizure
41
Q

pulmonary infarction PT interventions

A

None

42
Q

rapid lung failure that leads to cardiopulmonary failure. caused by pneumonia, sepsis, cardiac failure

A

ARDS Adult Repiratory Distress Syndrome

43
Q

ARDS s/s (3)

A
  1. Dyspnea
  2. Cyanosis
  3. Fatigue
44
Q

ARDS PT intervention

A
  1. airway clearance
  2. Strengthening
  3. monitor vitals
45
Q

immature infant w/ respiratory distress syndrome. caused by pneumonia or meconium aspiration

A

BPD Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

46
Q

Medications used to treat respiratory diseases (6)

A
  1. antibiotics
  2. antimicrobs
  3. Anti-inflamm (corticosteroids)
  4. Bronchodilators
  5. diuretics
  6. humidification

Pathophysiology (11 decks)

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