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Pathophysiology > Endocrine, metabolic, nutritional > Flashcards

Endocrine, metabolic, nutritional Flashcards

1
Q

complete pituitary hypofunction in the adult

A

Simmonds’ disease

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2
Q

results from damage to the posterior pituitary

A

diabetes insipidus

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3
Q

blood loss to the pituitary during pregnancy

A

Sheehan’s syndrome

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4
Q

congenital form of pituitary hypofunction

A

pituitary dwarfism

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5
Q

Acromegaly in the adult. Gigantism in the child

A

hyperpituitarism

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6
Q

Thyroid disease that causes…

  • obesity
  • fatigue
  • depression
  • bradycardia
A

hypothyroidism

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7
Q

hypothyroidism PT (2)

A
  1. endurance

2. strength

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8
Q

Thyroid disease that causes…

  • weight loss
  • mood swings
  • sweating
  • tachycardia
A

hyperthyroidism

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9
Q

T3 and T4 levels in hyper vs hypothyroidism

A

hyper- high

hypo- low

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10
Q

Hypofunction of the adrenal cortex. adrenocortical hypofunction, hypocortisolism

A

Addison’s disease

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11
Q
  • mm weakness
  • fatigue
  • Hypotension
  • Nausea
A

Addison’s disease

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12
Q

Adrenal cortex disease that occurs in children

A

type I

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13
Q

Adrenal cortex disease that occurs in young adults

A

type II

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14
Q

Hyperfuction of adrenal glands. hypercortisolism. adrenal cortex tumor, excessive ACTH

A

Cushing’s disease/syndrome

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15
Q
  • obesity in abs and face
  • HTN
  • osteoporosis
  • thinning hair/skin
A

Cushing’s disease

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16
Q

Hyperaldosteronism. hypersecretion of aldosterone. caused by adenomas of the cortex

A

Conn’s syndrome

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17
Q
  • retention of sodium
  • HTN
  • reduced K
  • polyuria
A

Conn’s syndrome

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18
Q

21-hydroxylase deficiency. Causes early maturity in boys and mixed genitalia in girls

A

congenital adrenal hyperplasia

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19
Q

tumors of neuroblasts that are malignant and occur in children

A

neuroblastoma

20
Q

large tumors of the adrenal medulla that are benign and occur in adults

A

pheochromocytoma

21
Q

insulin dependent DM that is most often seen in children

A

Type I (high glucose)

22
Q

DM that results in the inability of the body to utilize insulin. Seen mostly in adults

A

Type II (low glucose)

23
Q

DM s/s (3)

A
  1. sugar urine
  2. thirst
  3. nausea
24
Q

what is the primary risk factor for a patient with DM

A

infection

25
Q

DM: glucose below 70mg, weakness, shaking, sweating, hunger

A

hypoglycemia

26
Q

DM: glucose above 300mg, lethargy, thirst, excessive urination

A

hyperglycemia

27
Q

DM PT (4)

A
  1. low-mod aerobic
  2. education
  3. wound care
  4. mobility
28
Q

advice for DM pts (4)

A
  1. no tight socks
  2. deep shoe box
  3. check feet daily
  4. exercise regularly
29
Q

DM precautions

A
  1. do not fatigue
  2. check vitals
  3. extra layers w/ thermotherapy
30
Q

may cause mental retardation. screened at birth. no tyrosine

A

Phenylketonuria PKU

31
Q

affects metabolism of copper by the liver. Impaired liver and kidneys

A

Wilson’s disease

32
Q

obesity PT (3)

A
  1. behavior modification
  2. prevention
  3. education
33
Q

Normal BMI

A

18.5-24.9

34
Q

Overweight BMI

A

25-29.9

35
Q

class I obese

A

30-34.9

36
Q

class II obese

A

35-39.9

37
Q

Class III obese

A

> 40

38
Q

occurs in 1 in every 100 girls. 50% recover completely

A

anorexia nervosa

39
Q

normally reoccurs throughout life. Not as life threatening

A

bulimia nervosa

40
Q

master gland. controls and releases trophic hormones which have an effect on other endocrine glands

A

pituitary glands

41
Q

releases neuroendocrine releasing factors into pituitary, which in turn controls the functional release of the hormones produced

A

hypothalamus

42
Q

involved with calcium homeostasis in the blood

A

thyroid and parathyroid

43
Q

three zones which release aldosterone, corticoids and sex steroids

A

adrenal cortex

44
Q

releases epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

adrenal medulla

45
Q

produced by pituitary. stimulates adrenal cortex to produce cortical hormones

A

ACTH

46
Q

part of the pancreas that produces insulin, glucagon, somatostatin

A

Islets of Langerhans

47
Q

involved in the production of T cells

A

Thymus

Pathophysiology (11 decks)

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