Joint and bone disease

Question 1

3 classification of joints

Answer 1

1. fibrous (skull)
2. slightly moveable (teeth)
3. synovial

Question 2

contained in bone, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage

Answer 2

collagen

Question 3

bone, ligament, tendon

Answer 3

type I collagen

Question 4

hyaline cartilage

Answer 4

type II collagen

Question 5

sacs that are enclosed and provide small amount of lubricating

Answer 5

bursae

Question 6

covers the bone except the articular surfaces. Many pain nerve endings

Answer 6

periosteum

Question 7

caused from previous injury, infection, hyperthyroidism, obesity, repetitive stress

Answer 7

secondary Osteoarthritis (OA)

Question 8

OA where etiology is unknown

Answer 8

primary OA

Question 9

degenerative arthritis without inflammation

Answer 9

osteoarthrosis

Question 10

absorption of water by the cartilage that causes cracks to develop in the cartilage. cartilage breaks off into jt space

Answer 10

fibrillation

Question 11

smooth and shiny appearance from the rubbing of bone on bone

Answer 11

eburnation

Question 12

bony spurs

Answer 12

ostephytes

Question 13

• referred pain into the groin and quads
• weak hip extensors and abductors
• trendelenburg gait

Answer 13

OA of the hip

Question 14

• mm spasms in the hamstrings
• genu valgus
• quad atrophy

Answer 14

OA of the knee

Question 15

cartilage or bone nodes that are tender and located on the PIPs

Answer 15

Bouchard’s nodes

Question 16

cartilage or bone nodes that are tender and located on the DIPs

Answer 16

Heberden’s nodes

Question 17

degenerative disease affecting the intervertebral discs discs. “arthritis of the spine” cervical

Answer 17

spondylosis

Question 18

defect of the pars interarticularis of vertebrae in L5-S1 area. Less severe

Answer 18

spondylolysis

Question 19

fracture of the pars and vertebrae slips anteriorly . most severe. avoid extension

Answer 19

spondylolisthesis

Question 20

Spondy’s PT (2)

Answer 20

1. posture

2. lumbar stabilizaiton

Question 21

joint infected by a virus or bacteria. most common in young, old, immunosuppressed or those who use drugs

Answer 21

infective (septic) arthritis

Question 22

present in patient w/ hemophilia who have hemarthrosis

Answer 22

hemophilic arthritis

Question 23

transmitted by ticks. flu like symptoms.

Answer 23

lyme disease

Question 24

crystal like formation within the jt from metabolic inability to process uric acid. big toe. X-linked genetic

Answer 24

gout

Question 25

Bilateral, symmetrical arthritis. inflammatory, systemic, connective tissue, and autoimmune disease.

Answer 25

Rheumatoid Arthritis RA

Question 26

thought to be autoimmune, similar to Juvenile RA. more systemic symptoms that JRA

Answer 26

still's disease

Question 27

disease more common in women and can be caused by reduction in estrogen

Answer 27

osteoporosis

Question 28

vitamin D, calcium, phosphate deficiency in childhood. Weak bones that bend

Answer 28

Rickets

Question 29

lack of vitamin D, calcium, phosphate absorption in adulthood

Answer 29

osteomalacia

Question 30

pediatric disease. Avascular necrosis of proximal femoral epiphysis

Answer 30

Legg-Calve-Perthes

Question 31

disease of bone where healthy bone is replaced with a solid structure

Answer 31

Paget's disease

Question 32

inflammation of the bone caused by infection

Answer 32

osteomyelitis

Question 33

sexually transmitted disease when left untreated can spread to bone and nervous system

Answer 33

syphilis

Question 34

sexually transmitted disease with acute infectious arthritis. Causes distal jt pain

Answer 34

gonococcal arthritis

Question 35

benign cartilage tumors

Answer 35

chondroma

Question 36

malignant tumor of bone originating from cartilage

Answer 36

chondrosarcoma

Question 37

thickening and loss of elasticity of skin

Answer 37

scleroderma

Question 38

systemic disease that affects multiple organs. Butterfly rash on face

Answer 38

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus SLE

Question 39

chronic pain with multiple areas of jt and mm pain. High levels of substance p in spine

Answer 39

fibromyalgia

Question 40

chronic inflammation of major arteries

Answer 40

giant cell arteritis

Question 41

stiffness and pain in multiple areas of the body. often associated with giant cell arteritis

Answer 41

PMR

Question 42

localized w/ presence of trigger points. Pressure on trigger point results in pain referred to another site

Answer 42

myofascial pain syndrome

Question 43

autoimmune dysfunction. dysfunction of mucous membranes. inflammation of tear and salivary glands. dry eyes and sensitivity to light

Answer 43

Sjogren's syndrome

Question 44

- jt damage - severe pain - stiffness PT: strengthening and stretching

Answer 44

infective (septic) arthritis

Question 45

- cartilage breakdown - sudden onset of pain PT: low impact exercise

Answer 45

hemophilic arthritis

Question 46

- starts in great toe - inflammation - pain PT: jt mob contraindication during acute episodes

Answer 46

gout

Question 47

RA s/s finger-like projections in joint from chronic inflammation.

Answer 47

Pannus formation

Question 48

RA nonarticular s/s

Answer 48

1. felty's syndrome 2. skin nodules 3. scleritis 4. sjogren's syndrome

Question 49

Difference in pain between OA and RA

Answer 49

OA: pain when WB RA: continuous pain

Question 50

Other differences between RA and OA

Answer 50

RA: bilateral and distal (hands) OA: unilateral and proximal (knees)

Question 51

RA. hyperextension of the DIP, flexion of the PIP, hyperextension of the MCP

Answer 51

Boutonniere's deformity

Question 52

RA. flexion of the DIP, hyperextension of the PIP

Answer 52

Swan-neck deformity

Question 53

RA jt deformities (3)

Answer 53

1. ulnar drift 2. trigger finger 3. ankylosing spondylitis

Question 54

RA PT contra (3)

Answer 54

1. pillows under knees 2. forced stretch 3. jt mobilization

Question 55

- arthritis in multiple jts - skin rash - enlarged spleen and liver PT: reduce pain, functional independence

Answer 55

Still's disease

Question 56

one-sided replacement of joint

Answer 56

hemiarthroplasty

Question 57

both articulating surfaces of jt replaced

Answer 57

Total arthroplasty

Question 58

fusion of jt which prevents motion

Answer 58

arthrodesis

Question 59

removal of a joint

Answer 59

resection arthroplasty

Question 60

OA PT

Answer 60

1. trunk flexion and traction contra 2. prevention education 3. trunk extension