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Buzzwords > Respiratory Buzzwords > Flashcards

Respiratory Buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

What antibiotics would you use for HAP (severe)?

A

IV amoxicillin + metronidazole + gentamicin

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2
Q

What antibiotics would you use for HAP (mild)?

A

amoxicillin + metronidazole

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3
Q

What antibiotics would you use for CAP (severe: CURB >3)?

A

Co-amoxiclav + Clarithromycin

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4
Q

What antibiotics would you use for CAP (mild: CURB 0-2)

A

Amoxicillin

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5
Q

How would you treat TB?

Also, what are their side effects?

A 
2 RIFE 4 RI 
Rifampicin - orange tears/sweat/urine
Isoniazid - muscle weakness
Pyrazinamide - gout 
Ethambutol - colour blindness
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6
Q

How would you treat an acute exacerbation of COPD?

A 
ISOAP 
Ipotropium 
Salbutamol 
Oxygen 
Amoxicillin (2nd Doxycycline) 
Prednisolone
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7
Q

What antibiotic would you use for epiglottitis?

A

ceftriaxone

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8
Q

Stony dull to percuss?

A

pleural effusion

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9
Q

Right sided pleuritic chest pain?

A

most likely pneumonia

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10
Q

What would indicate pulmonary oedema?

A

A Alveolar bat’s wing
B Kerby B lines
C Cardiomegaly
D Dilated prominant upper lobe vessels

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11
Q

What does ground-glass appearance on X-ray mean?

A

Pulmonary fibrosis OR

Respiratory Distress Syndrome of the newborn

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12
Q

Ziehl-Nielson stain positive for acid fast bacilli?

A

TB

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13
Q

Caseous necrosis?

A

TB

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14
Q

Apical disease?

A

TB - apical legion called Assmann focus

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15
Q

what is Miliary TB?

A

spread of organism into the bloodstream

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16
Q

what happens is organism spreads via the pulmonary artery?

A

miliary dissemination to the lungs

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17
Q

what happens if organism spread via the pulmonary vein?

A

systemic dissemination to the liver, spleen and kidneys

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18
Q

Positive anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies?

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

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19
Q

Chest infection with parrot or pigeon as a pet?

A

chlamydophila psittaci

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20
Q

Dry cough and diarrhoea after holiday abroad, some indication of water spread?

A

legionella pneumophila

- test urine for antigens

21
Q

What would indicate sarcoidosis?

A

bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, erythema nodosum, granulomas, fatigue, uveitis, weight loss

22
Q

Bronchiole wider than neighbour arteriole on CT?

A

bronchiectasis

23
Q

D sign on CXR

A

empyema

24
Q

steeple sign on CXR

A

croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)

25
Q

child with barking cough?

A

croup

26
Q

pneumocystitis pneumonia?

A

HIV - treat with co-tramoxazole + prednisolone (if severe)

27
Q

asthma + nasal polyps + salicylate sensitivity

A

samter’s triad

28
Q

alcoholic (danger of aspiration pneumonia)

A

klebsiella pneumonia

29
Q

red jelly sputum

A

klebsiella pneumonia

30
Q

mucoid sputum

A

chlamydia pneumonia

31
Q

rusty sputum

A

pneumococcal pneumonia

32
Q

cannonball metastases (also weight loss and haematuria)

A

classically from primary renal cell carcinoma

33
Q

morning headache?

A

hypercapnia OR

Nitrate side effect

34
Q

ACTH secreting tumour

A

small cell carcinoma of the lung

35
Q

PTH secreting lung tumour

A

squamous cell carcinoma of the lung

36
Q

increased serum ACE and Ca2+?

A

sarcoidosis

37
Q

eggshell calcification at hilar region?

A

silicosis

38
Q

what is a gohn focus?

A

seen in TB - an area of infection and caseous necrosis at the periphery of the lung beneth the pleua

39
Q

What is Horner’s syndrome?

A

can occur when there is a local spread of cancer to the intrathoracic nodes or a pancoast tumour

40
Q

What is the acute management of asthma?

A 
OSHITMAN 
Oxygen 
Salbutamol (nebulised) 
Hydrocortisone /Prednisolone 
Ipratropium Bromide (nebulised) 
Theophylline /Aminophylline
Magnesium Sulfate 
ANaesthetist
41
Q

Thumb print sign on head xray?

A

epiglottitis

42
Q

inspiratory whoop/barking cough?

A

pertussis

43
Q

non-smoker + cancer ?

A

adenocarcinoma

44
Q

squamous and small cell lung cancers are located where?

A

central

45
Q

High D-dimers?

A

suspect PE –> send for CTPA or V/Q scan

46
Q

Low D-dimers?

A

exclude PE

47
Q

Large PE management?

Small PE management?

A

Large - thrombolysis

small - LMWH

48
Q

Female on the OCP, sudden pleuritic chest pain and breathlessness?

A

PE

Buzzwords (9 decks)

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