Dermatology Buzzwords

Question 1

stuck on appearance

Answer 1

basal cell papilloma

Question 2

picket fence pearly border

Answer 2

basal cell carcinoma

Question 3

dermatitis herpetiformis

Answer 3

coeliac disease

Question 4

erythema nodosum

Answer 4

commonly sarcoidosis, also UC and TB

Question 5

“erythematous bullseye lesions” (erythema migrans)

Answer 5

lyme disease

Question 6

ash leaf apots/Shagreen patches

Answer 6

tuberous sclerosis

Question 7

honey colour crust

Answer 7

impetigo (caused by staph aureus)

Question 8

cafe au lait spots

Answer 8

neurofibromatosis type 1 or 2

Question 9

silver scales, extensor surface

Answer 9

psoriasis

Question 10

cauliflower appearance

Answer 10

plantar warts

Question 11

kaposi’s sarcoma

Answer 11

HIV, immunosuppressed (transplant)

Question 12

intense erythema on checks of child

Answer 12

Slapped cheek syndrome (caused by parvovirus B19)

Question 13

small umbilicated translucent papules that look fluid-filled but are solid

Answer 13

molluscum contagiosum

Question 14

flaccid blisters that can be burst easily to form erythematous erosions

Answer 14

pemphigus vulgaris

Question 15

large tense bullae that are itchy and cannot be burst

Answer 15

bullous pemphigoid

Question 16

heliotrope rash and scaly knuckles

Answer 16

dermatomyositis

Question 17

fish scale skin

Answer 17

ichythosis

Question 18

velvety thickened lesions in axillae

Answer 18

acanthosis nigricans

Question 19

target lesion

Answer 19

erythema multiforme

Question 20

angioma

Answer 20

benign localised overgrowth of blood vessels

Question 21

filaggrin increases risk of…

Answer 21

eczema, hayfever, asthma

Question 22

porphyria cutanea tarda type 1 presents with

Answer 22

blisters, fragility, hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis

Question 23

Antiviral agent for:
herpes simplex (cold sore)
eczema herpeticum
herpes zoster

Answer 23

herpes simplex = topical antiviral 
eczema herpeticum = oral antiviral 
varicella zoster (shingles) = oral anitviral

Question 24

capsaicin

Answer 24

antipruritic

Question 25

adhesion

Answer 25

enables binding to host organism

Question 26

invasin

Answer 26

enables invasion of the host tissue

Question 27

impedin

Answer 27

enables avoidance of host tissue

Question 28

aggressin

Answer 28

damages host directly

Question 29

modulin

Answer 29

indirect damage

Question 30

What is skin prick test for?

Answer 30

type 1 hypersensitivity (IgE mediated)

Question 31

what is patch text for?

Answer 31

type 4 hypersensitivy (T cell mediated)

Question 32

sentinel lymph node

Answer 32

first lymph node or group of nodes draining a cancer

Question 33

ramsay hunt syndrome

Answer 33

• vesicle and pain in auditory canal and throat

- can result in CN VII palsy, leading to facial drooping

Question 34

herpangina

Answer 34

blistering rash of the back f the mouth

Question 35

what causes herpangia

Answer 35

enterovirus - coxsackie, echovirus

Question 36

acanthosis

Answer 36

increased thickening of epidermis

Question 37

spongiosis

Answer 37

oedema between keratinocytes

Question 38

gorlin’s syndrome

Answer 38

• autosomal dominant familial cancer syndrome
• multiple BCC
• early onset

Question 39

lipodermatosclerosis

Answer 39

inverted champagne bottle

Question 40

vitamin D metabolism is carried out by…

Answer 40

keratinocytes

Question 41

pancinian corpuscles

Answer 41

pressure sensation

Question 42

meissne’s corpsucles

Answer 42

vibration sensation (higher up in epidermis relative to pancinian corpuscles)

Question 43

what treatment is most likely to cause contact sensitisation?

Answer 43

creams because they contain preservatives

Question 44

breslow thickness

Answer 44

depth from the granular layer of the epidermis to the deepest melanoma cell

Question 45

what are the stages of wound healing?

Answer 45

HAMEOSTASIS - vasoconstruction and platelet aggregation; clot fomration
INFLAMMATION - vasodilation migration of neutrophils and macrophages; phagocytosis of cellular debris and invading bacteria
PROLIFERATION - granulation tissue formation and angiogenesis
REMODELLING - collagen fibre re-organisation; scar maturation

Question 46

acute meningococcaemia

Answer 46

• neisseria meningitides
• features of meningitis (headache, fever, stiffness)
• septicaemia + rash
• non-blanching purpuric rash on the trunk and extremities
• treat with antibiotics (penicillin) and prophylaxis for close contacts (rifampicin)

Question 47

erythema migrans

Answer 47

• bulls eye appearance
• caused by a tick bite
• early sign of lyme disease
• red macule surrounded by another red circle, with non-affected skin in between

Question 48

epidermolysis bullosa

Answer 48

skin blisters on minimal trauma (inherited)

Question 49

facial butterfly rash

Answer 49

rosacea and SLE

Question 50

parakeratosis

Answer 50

nuclei in the cells right at the surface of the skin. Seen in psoariasis

Question 51

steroids

• mild
• moderate
• potent
• very portent

Answer 51

mild - 1% hydrocortisone
moderate - eumovate
potent - betnovate
very potent - dermovate

Question 52

What can cause drug induced photosensitivty?

Answer 52

trimethoprim

Question 53

flare of psoriasis (medication)

Answer 53

beta blocker