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buzzwords > ENT Buzzwords > Flashcards

ENT Buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

fluid level behind drum

A

otitis media with effusion

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2
Q

retracted drum

A

otitis media with effusion

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3
Q

dull colour

A

otitis media with effusion

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4
Q

difficult at school + have to shout loud to hear

A

OME

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5
Q

feeling of fullness in the ear

A

menieres disease

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6
Q

loss of corneal reflex (+ sensorineural hearing loss, vertigo and tinnitus)

A

acoustic neuroma assoc with NF2

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7
Q

vertigo on rotation movement of head

A

BPPV

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8
Q

battle sign

A

bruise on skull specific to mastoid process of temporal bone fracture

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9
Q

pearl white otoscopy and foul, cheesy discharge

A

cholesteatoma

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10
Q

white patch on red/raw mucous membranes in throat/mouth

A

candida/thrush

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11
Q

how do you treat candida/thrush?

A

muconazole gel

fluconazole

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12
Q

sore throat with a grey-white membrane across the pharynx

A

diphtheria

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13
Q

increased risk if russian

A

diphtheria

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14
Q

how do you treat diphtheria

A

anti-toxin

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15
Q

commonest cancer in china/hong kong

A

nasopharyngeal cancer

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16
Q

painless lump in neck in posterior triangle asian patient

A

nasopharyngeal cancer

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17
Q

how is nasopharyngeal monitored?

A

measurement of EBV antibodies

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18
Q

most malignant tumours of oral cavity are ….

A

squamous cell carcinomas

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19
Q

commonest sites of oral cavity cancer ….

A

lateral borders of the tongue and floor of the mouth

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20
Q

what does cleft palate and other maxofacial deformities predispose

A

middle ear problems

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21
Q

what can anticoagulant overdose cause

when should it be considered

A

epstaxis

recent surgery patients

22
Q

attaches to base of tongue and moves when tongue sticks out

A

thyroglossal cyst

23
Q

what is salolithiasis

A

formation of stones within the salivary glands, which obstruct salivary ducts and predispose to infection

24
Q

where and who is salolthiasis most common

A

submandibular gland in men over 40

25
Q

produces pain and swelling after eating

A

salolithiasis

26
Q

risk of thyroid surgery

A

laryngeal nerve palsy –> hoarseness

27
Q

commonest salivary gland tumour

A

pleomorphic adenoma

28
Q

slow growing, rubbery consistency, potent for malignant change

A

pleomorphic adenoma

29
Q

indications for tonsillectomy

A
  • suspected malignancy
  • obstructive sleep apnea due to tonsillar hypertrophy
  • recurrent tonsillitis: 5 attacks a year for at least 2 years
  • quinsy in a patient with history of recurrent tonsillitis
30
Q

ototoxic medication

A

aminoglycosides and aspirin

31
Q

hoarseness > 3 weeks investigation

A

indirect laryngoscopy

32
Q

new born with stridor

A

laryngomalacia

33
Q

barking cough

A

croup

34
Q

hoarse voice, fever, far worse, “looks toxis”

A

epiglottis

35
Q

investigation for preorbital cellulitis

A

CT to identify any abscess

36
Q

low frequency sounds stimulate…

A

apical regions of cochlea

37
Q

high frequency sounds stimulate…

A

basal regions of cochlea

38
Q

Le fort fractures:

type 1

A

most inferior

39
Q

Le fort fractures: type 2

A

most superior and splits the base of the skull

40
Q

Le fort fractures: type 2 and 3

A

disrupt cribriform plate resulign in spread of infection fromnasal cavity and paranasal sinsues into anterior cranial fossa

41
Q

pinna haematoma (cauliflower ear) treatment

A

aspiration to get rid of blood then suturing flaps together

42
Q

longitudinal temporal bone fractures (80%)

A

conductive deafness

lateral blows

43
Q

transverse fracture (20%)

A

sensorineural hearing loss

frontal blow

44
Q

mild vertigo, dysarthria and ataxia (disorder of speech, balance)
woman 20-40yrs

A

multiple sclerosis

45
Q

deafness after showers in someone with poor hygiene

A

wax obstruction

46
Q

deafness + kidney failure

A

alports syndrome

47
Q

bulging forward lump from the middle third of sternocleidomastoid

A

branchial cyst

48
Q

commonest cause of hoarsness lasting <3 weeks

A

laryngitis

49
Q

elderly female with dysphagia, hoarse voice, aspiration pneumonia, cough, halitosis, regurgitation

A

pharyngeal pouch

50
Q

untreated pharyngeal pouch –>

A

pharyngeal carcinoma

51
Q

reed-sternberg cells pathogmonic for…

A

hodgkins lymphoma

buzzwords (9 decks)

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