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Pulmonary Micro > Respiratory Bacterial Zoonose > Flashcards

Respiratory Bacterial Zoonose Flashcards

1
Q

How is plague (Yersinia Pestis) transmitted?

A

via a vector, the flea and in the pneumonic form can be transmitted human to human

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2
Q

How is Brucellosis acquired?

A

direct contact w/ animals or by consumption of unpasteurized dairy products

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3
Q

How is Q fever acquired?

A

inhalation of animal aerosols

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4
Q

T or F. Brucellosis and Q fever be transmitted from human to human?

A

False

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5
Q

What is the most common natural form of plague?

A

bubonic plague

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6
Q

Where is Yp found in the US?

A

New Mexico and adjoining states and some Rocky Mountain States to the north

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7
Q

What are the keys to the Dx for Yp?

A

History
Large swollen painful nodes
Failure to respond to beta-lactam and macrolides

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8
Q

Is plague pneumonia fatal? contagious?

A

yes and yes!

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9
Q

How does one acquire primary plague pneumonia?

A

from a person or a cat w/ plague pneumonia

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10
Q

Yp.. negative or positive?

A

negative

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11
Q

What does Yp look like?

A

rods w/ bipolar inclusion bodies … safety pins

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12
Q

What can Yp grow on?

A

BAP and enteric media

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13
Q

What are the virulence factors of Yp?

A

type 3 secretion system injects effectors into host cells – paralyze phagocytes and suppress the immune response, F1 protein Ag capsule

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14
Q

What are symptoms of Bubonic plague?

A

swollen painful axial or inguinal, femoral lymph nodes (buboes), fever, chills, headache, possible nausea, vomiting, prostration

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15
Q

What are the symptoms of septicemic plague?

A

w/ or w/out buboes, severe toxemia and general organ system failure, vomiting, diarrhea, petechiae to extreme DIC

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16
Q

What are the symptoms of Pneumonic plague?

A

Secondary - productive sputum more bloody and watery than purulent, necrotic, septic
Primary - symptoms same as secondary but before septicemia.

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17
Q

What should be done for a secondary pneumonic plague?

A

requires isolation of pt and prophylaxis for all exposed individuals

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18
Q

What is the DDx for a pt including w/ a bubo?

A
  1. tularemia
  2. chancroid - no sepsis, less local pain, and recent history of sexual contact and genital lesions.
  3. Lymphogranuloma venereum
  4. strep, staph adenitis - should be less septic and the lymph node, purulent association
  5. Cat scratch disease - indolent course
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19
Q

What suggest Yp?

A

Gram negative rods in sputum of an otherwise immunocompetent pt

20
Q

Where is natural plague contracted?

A

where silvatic plaque exists - entirely west of Mississippi and narrow range in west

21
Q

How can one Dx plague?

A

serological - based on Abs to F1 surface protein Ag
Gram stains of buboes, sputum, blood - safety pins
Culture
IF test
New RADT

22
Q

What is the Rx for plague?

A

gentamicin, streptomycin, doxy, cipro.

23
Q

What is the post-exposure (pneumonic) treatment for plague?

A

doxy for 7 days

24
Q

What can Brucellosis be found in?

A

cows, pigs, sheep and goats

25
Q

Brucellosis - negative or positive? aerobic or anerboic? shape?

A

negative aerboic coccobacillus

26
Q

It Brucellosis and intracellular or extraceullar parasite and of what system?

A

facultative IC of the RES

27
Q

How long does it take to culture Brucellois?

A

one week on rich medium

28
Q

What is another name of Brucellosis?

A

undulant fever

29
Q

What type of infection does Brucellosis cause?

A

slow, moving chronic infection but initial infection can be acute (flu symptoms w/ high fever)

30
Q

What are symptoms of Brucellosis?

A

relapsing fever, night sweats, weakness, back ache, wt loss, fatigue
- dry cough, pleuritic pain

31
Q

What is the typical lesion on biopsy of bone or liver for a Brucellosis infection?

A

a granuloma

32
Q

Where can Brucellosis spread?

A

bones (lower vertebrae), liver, heart, GI, and genitourinary tracts

33
Q

Who is at risk for Brucellosis?

A
  1. people handling animals or animal viscera

2. consumers of raw milk, unpasteurized cheese

34
Q

Is there any human -human transmission for Brucellosis?

A

no

35
Q

How does one Dx Brucellosis?

A

serological, culture on rich media (bone marrow)

36
Q

What is the treatment for Brucellosis?

A

prolonged course of antibiotics (doxy plus an aminoglycoside)

37
Q

What is Q fever caused by?

A

Coxiella Burneti (Cb)

38
Q

What type of parasite is Q fever?

A

obligate IC that infects animals

39
Q

Cb – positive or negative? where does it replicate?

A

negative bacillus. phagolysosomes

40
Q

What are the symptoms for Q fever?

A

1/3 to 1/2- asymptomatic, acute febrile illness, sometimes liver/heart involvement, endocariditis

41
Q

How is Q fever transmitted?

A

via aerosol, handling viscera, or drinking raw milk, and at times by ticks

42
Q

What is the animal reservoir for Q fever?

A

cow, sheep, goat

43
Q

How does Q fever infect animals?

A

has a spore-like form that distributes miles by wind — Catergory B

44
Q

How does one Dx Q fever?

A

high or rising Ab titers to Q fever Ag

45
Q

What is the treatment for Q fever?

A

most infections spontaneously resolve but doxy Rx can shorten duration and reduce risk for chronic infection

Pulmonary Micro (19 decks)

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