Acinetobacter Baumannii Flashcards
What type of organism is this?
gram-negative bacilllus
Where does it prefer to colonize?
aquatic environments, loves water!
Where it is often cultured from?
hospitalized patients’ sputum or respiratory secretions, wounds, and urine
In hospital settings, where does it colonize?
irrigating solutions and intravenous solutions
T or F. Most Acinetobacter recovered from patients represent infection rather than colonization.
False
T or F. One can use pretty much any antibiotic to treat Acinetobacter.
False. it is inherently resistant to multiple antibiotics
How does Acinetobacter cause cell death in human laryngeal epithelial cells?
Via OMP38
How does OMP38 function?
it releases cytochrome c and an apoptosis inducing factor which enter the epithelial cell nucleus and cause DEATH
What are the virulence factors for Acinetobacter?
- Antibiotic resistance genes
- efflux pumps
- integrons w/ multiple resistance determinants
What diseases does Acinetobacter cause? and How?
- pneumonia - entry via mouth/nose to lungs
- Bloood infection - entry via catheter or spread via blood
- Meningitis - after surgery on brain or spine, shunts or drains in your head
- UTIs - kidneys, ureters, or bladder; during urination from a fomite source
- Skin or wound infection - obvious!
What are the symptoms associated w/ Acinetobacter?
- Fever
- Red, swollen, warm, or painful skin areas or wounds
- orange, bumpy skin w/ blisters
- cough, chest pain, or trouble breathing
- burning while you pee
- sleepiness, headaches, or stiff neck
CAP is severe where?
SE Asia and Tropical Australia in pts w/ underlying chronic obstructive pulmonary dz, renal failure, DM, or heavy consumption of alcohol or tobacco
How does one Dx Acinetobacter?
culture, CXR, lumbar puncture
Should colonization be treated?
no, only infection
What are you not going to use to treat Acinetobacter?
any generations cephlaosporins, macrolides, and penicillins
