Respiratory: Anatomy of Breathing Flashcards
What does Upper Respiratory Tract consist of?
the right and left nasal cavities/oral cavity
the naso/laryngo/pharynx
larynx
What does the Lower Respiratory Tract consist of?
trachea right and left bronchi lobar bronchi segmental bronchi bronchioles alveoli
where is the respiratory tract?
at the level of c6 vertebra:
larynx becomes the trachea
pharynx becomes the oesophageal
what lung only has horizontal fissure?
right lung only
what lung has a horizontal and an oblique fissure?
right lung only
what fissure does the left lung have?
Oblique fissure
how does the rib articulate with the sternum?
via costal cartilage
what is the costal groove?
located on the inferior side of the rib for nerves etc.
what are the ‘joints of breathing’?
costovertebral joints
costochondral joints
sternocostal joints
what are the muscles involved in breathing?
external, internal and innermost intercostal muscles
what supplies the posterior parts of the intercostal spaces?
thoracic aorta
what drains the posterior parts of the intercostal spaces?
azygous vein
what supplies the anterior parts of the intercostal spaces?
the internal thoracic artery and veins
what supplies all the laters/structures of the right 4th intercostal space?
T4 anterior ramus (AKA 4th intercostal nerve)
what type of muscle is the diaphragm?
skeletal muscle
where does the diaphagm attach to?
sternum
loser 6 ribs and costal cartilages
L1-L3 vertebral bodies
what vein is found in the demo-pectoral groove?
cephalic vein
what does the long thoracic nerve supply?
serratus anterior (paralysis = winged scapula)
what are the right and left lung covered in?
visceral pleura
what is the costodiaphragmatic recess?
abnormal fluid in the pleural cavity drains into the recess e.g. pleural effusion/haemothorax
this causes ‘blunting of the angles’ seen on CXR
Name the lobes of the right lung?
superior lobe
middle lobe
inferior love
what is the lingula?
this is the ‘tongue’ of the superior lobe of the left lung
what s the groove in the left lung apex used for?
left common corotid artery
what is the blackish anatomy found on the left lung?
pulmonary lymph nodes
where do you auscultate the middle lobe?
ribes 4 and 6 mid-clavicular line and mid-axillary lines on the right lung
where are the oblique fissures anatomically related?
bilaterally to rib 6
T3 vertebral level
where do auscultate the lung base?
in the scapular line at T11 vertebral level
