Gastrointestinal: Anatomy of the Upper GI Tract (Part 2) Flashcards
where does the jaw opening mechanism occur?
TMJ
what are the 3 pairs of closing muscles called?
- Masseter
- Temporalis
- Medial Pterygoid
what is the 1 pair of opening muscles called?
Lateral pterygoid
what are the opening and closing muscles supplied by?
mandibular division of trigeminal nerve
what is the general sensory nerve for the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?
mandibular trigeminar nerve
what is the sensory nerve for the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?
facial nerve
what is the general and sensory nerve for the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue?
glossopharyngeal nerve
what is the general sensory nerve for the superior half of the oral cavity?
CN V2 (trigeminal nerve)
what is the general sensory nerve for the inferior half of the oral cavity?
CN V3 (trigeminal nerve)
what sensory nerves are blocked by local anaesthetic that is sprayed in the oral cavity?
CN V2, CN V3, CN VII (facial), CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
what are the 3 pairs of salivary glands called?
parotid
submandibular
sublingual
what are the 4 pairs of extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
palatoglossus
styloglossus
hyoglossus
genioglossus
what supplies the 4 pairs of intrinsic pairs of muscles?
hypoglossal
where is the upper oesophageal sphincter found?
C6
what supplies the pharyx?
vagus and glossopharyngeal nerve
what type of muscle is involved in swallowing?
voluntary skeletal muscles
what is the enteric nervous system?
extensive network of nerves, found only in the walls of GI tract
parasympathetic - speeds up peristalsis
sympathetic - slows sown peristalsis
when does the oesophagus end?
terminates by entering the cardia of the stomach
what causes cervical constriction of the oesophagus?
cricopharyngeus (upper oesophageal sphincter)
what causes thoracic constriction of the oesophagus?
arch of the aorta
left main bronchus
what causes diaphragmatic constriction of the oesophagus?
result of passing through the diaphragm
LOS
what can cause the lack of effectiveness of LOS?
hiatus hernia - can lead to symptoms of reflux
where can LOS be found?
immediately superior to the gastro-oesophageal junction
abrupt change in type of mucosa lining the wall
Z-line
what angle is found on the lesser curvature?
incisura angularis
