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Bio 153 midterm lecture > Respiratory anatomy > Flashcards

Respiratory anatomy Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is part of the upper respiratory tract

A

Nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, paranasal sinus

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2
Q

What is part of the lower respiratory tract

A

Larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

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3
Q

What are the functions of the respiratory system (5)

A

1) Supplies O2
2) Removes CO2
3) Produces sound
4) Circulates air for smell
5) Protects and defends against pathogens (… I’m not sure how? but it said this :-/ )

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4
Q

What is another name for the respiratory mucosa

A

Respiratory epithelium

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5
Q

What is the mucus elevator

A

Mucus traps debris, cilia sweet toward the pharynx and it is expelled

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6
Q

What is the repiratory mucosa lined with ?

A

pseudo stratified ciliated columnar

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7
Q

What are external nares

A

Nostrils

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8
Q

What is the function of the nostrils

A

moisten and warms air, provides airway into nasal cavity

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9
Q

what are vibrissae

A

nose hairs

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10
Q

what is vibrissae’s function

A

filter air

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11
Q

Explain olfaction

A

Chemoreceptors in olfactory epithelium bind odour molecules

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12
Q

What bone are the nasal conchae on

A

ethmoid

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13
Q

what dot he nasal conchae do

A

swirl air, facilitate olfaction & filtering

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14
Q

What do serous cells do

A

secrete watery serous fluid

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15
Q

what do goblet cells do

A

secret mucus

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16
Q

what is anosmia

A

loss of smell

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17
Q

What is another name for the pharynx

A

the throat

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18
Q

what happens in the nasopharynx

A
  • drains the nasal cavity and auditory tube

* Has uvula * pharyngeal tonsil

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19
Q

What does the uvula do

A

prevent food from entering the nasal cavity

20
Q

what is the orthopharynx

A

a common passage for food & air

has lingual & palatine tonsils

21
Q

What is in the laryngopharynx

A

opening to the esophagus

opening to the larynx

22
Q

what is another name for the larynx

A

voice box

23
Q

what does the larynx house?

A

The vocal folds

24
Q

Which larynx structures are made out of hyaline cartilage

A

Thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage,

25
Q

What structures are made out of elastic cartilage

A

epiglottis

26
Q

What does the epiglottis do

A 
blocks glottis (entrance to airway) 
prevents food from entering trachea when u swallow
27
Q

what are the vocal folds made of

A

ligaments (elastic tissue)

28
Q

what do the vocal folds do

A

Vibrate to produce sound

29
Q

what is the glottis

A

opening of the trachea

30
Q

what are the vestibular folds

A

false vocal chords they don’t rly do much

31
Q

what causes loudness

A

force that the air passes over the vocal folds

32
Q

what causes pitch

A

the diameter/ tension of the vocal cords

33
Q

what are a part of the resonating chamber

A

pharynx, nasal sinus, paranasal sinus

34
Q

Explain structure of trachea

A

c chawed hyaline cartilage linked by membrane and smooth muscle

35
Q

what is the bronchial tree

A

the branches are the bronchi

36
Q

How many primary bronchus

A

1 in each lung

37
Q

how many secondary bronchus

A

1 in each lobe

38
Q

how many tertiary bronchus

A

1 in each lung segment

39
Q

structure & function of bronchioles

A

smallest branch, no cartilage, smooth muscle

they regulate airflow

40
Q

what does the sympathetic system do to bronchioles

A

relaxes them increases diameter (bronchodilator)

41
Q

What does the parasympathetic system do to bronchioles

A

contracts them, decreases diameter, bronchoconstriction

42
Q

Explain the path the air would go through starting @ trachea

A

1) trachea
2) 1 bronchus
3) 2 bronchus
4) 4 bronchus
5) bronchioles
6) terminal bronchioles
7) Respiratory bronchioles
8) Alveoli & alveolar ducts

43
Q

what is a lobule

A

alveoli & alveolar ducts

44
Q

What is a lung alveoli made of

A
  • simple squamous

- covered in capillaries

45
Q

What is the cardiac notch

A

The left lung is smaller bc heart

46
Q

Where is the parietal pleura

A

outer membrane

47
Q

visceral pleura?

A

inner membrane

Bio 153 midterm lecture (9 decks)

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