Hematology Flashcards
What are the 3 main functions of blood
1) transport: O2, nutrients, wastes, hormones
2) Maintains: temp, Ph, fluid volume
3) Protects against: blood loss and infection
What is hct
% RBC (usually 40-45%)
what are the 2 major component catagories of blood
1) plasma
2) formed elements
what could a high hematocrit suggest
adaption to high altitude, polycythemia
what could a low hematocrit suggest
anemia
what is sickle cell anemia
genetic disorder (hereditary?) hb molecules link together under low O2 conditions (when they become sickle shaped), they cause dangerous clots
4 structural features of erythrocytes
1) RBCS are filled with hb
2) they are small biconcave discs
3) have spectrin proteins in the PM so abc can squeeze through capillaries
4) mature RBC lack nuclei and organelles so they can fit more hb
how do leukocytes move into cells
by amoeboid motion
describe neutrophil
muiltilobed nucleus, granules, phagocytic (engulf bacteria & fungi)
describe lymphocyte
1 large nucleus, found in lymph nodes, spleen, thymus
- T cells destroy virus infected cells & tutors
- B cells label and clump bacteria
describe monocyte
Hungry bean…
phagocytic (bacteria) present @ tissue damage
describe eosinophil
parasite (think eos lip balm.. don’t share b/c parasite???)
bi-lobed nucleus (like eos lip balm that’s open) and granular
describe basophil
indistinct nucleus, think basil allergy
releases histamine, local dilation of blood vessels that causes inflammation. other RBCs can get to the site quicker
purpose of thrombocytes?
- they are cell fragments
- form fast temporary plug
- secrete factors that help with formation of clot
what is plasma mostly made out of?
water (90%)
