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A&P > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

the body cavity that connects the nasal and oral cavities with the larynx and esophagus.

A

pharynx

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2
Q

upper part of the pharynx, connecting with the nasal cavity above the soft palate.

A

nasopharynx

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3
Q

part of the pharynx that lies between the soft palate and the hyoid bone

A

oropharynx

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4
Q

where both food and air pass. an be found between the hyoid bone and the larynx and esophagus, which helps guide food and air where to go.

A

laryngopharynx

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5
Q

type of paranasal sinus. two, large. in the frontal bone, which forms the lower part of the forehead and reaches over the eye sockets and eyebrows.

A

frontal sinus

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6
Q

type of paranasal sinus. are found in the spongy ethmoid bone in the upper part of the nose between the eyes. lined with cells that make mucus to keep the nose from drying out.

A

ethmoidal sinus

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7
Q

one of the four paired paranasal sinuses that is contained within the body of the sphenoid bone.

A

sphenoidal sinus

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8
Q

one of the four paranasal sinuses, which are sinuses located near the nose. the largest of the paranasal sinuses. located below the cheeks, above the teeth and on the sides of the nose.

A

maxillary sinus

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9
Q

nostrils

A

external naris

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10
Q

one of the two apertures at the back of the nasal cavity that opens into the nasopharynx, the open space behind the nasal cavity in the airways. known as the posterior nasal aperture

A

internal naris

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11
Q

the bone and cartilage in the nose that separates the nasal cavity into the two nostrils.

A

nasal septum

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12
Q

the horizontal bony plate that makes a subsection of the palate of the mouth. makes the anterior two-thirds of the roof of the oral cavity. made of two facial bones: palatine process of the maxilla and paired palatine bones.

A

hard palate

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13
Q

the soft tissue constituting the back of the roof of the mouth.

A

soft palate

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14
Q

auditory tube. Eustachian tube. a tube that links the nasopharynx to the middle ear.

A

pharyngotympanic tube

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15
Q

a leaf-shaped flap in the throat that keeps food from entering the windpipe and the lungs. made of elastic cartilage covered with a mucous membrane, attached to the entrance of the larynx.

A

epiglottis

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16
Q

the teardrop-shaped piece of soft tissue that hangs down the back of your throat. made from connective tissue, saliva-producing glands, and some muscle tissue. you eat, your soft palate and uvula prevent foods and liquids from going up your nose.

A

uvula

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17
Q

a hyaline cartilage structure that sits in front of the larynx and above the thyroid gland. also called the Adam’s apple

A

thyroid cartilage

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18
Q

a ring of cartilage that surrounds the trachea, or windpipe. located near the middle and center of the neck. consists of strong connective tissue constituting the dorsal (back) part of the larynx, or voice box

A

cricoid cartilage

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19
Q

folds of tissue in the throat that are key in creating sounds through vocalization. size affects the pitch of voice. open when breathing and vibrating for speech or singing

A

vocal folds

20
Q

also known as the vestibular or false vocal folds are located above the true vocal folds and separated from them by the laryngeal ventricle. a safeguard for the airway: when you swallow or choke, they squeeze together to prevent material from being inhaled into the lungs.

A

ventricular folds

21
Q

part of the larynx consisting of the vocal cords and the opening between them. affects voice modulation through expansion or contraction.

A

glottis

22
Q

hollow muscular organ forming an air passage to the lungs and holding the vocal cords in humans and other mammals; the voice box.

A

larynx

23
Q

a large membranous tube reinforced by rings of cartilage, extending from the larynx to the bronchial tubes and conveying air to and from the lungs; the windpipe.

A

trachea

24
Q

is strong but flexible tissue. help support the trachea while still allowing it to move and flex during breathing.

A

tracheal cartilages

25
Q

a passage or airway in the respiratory system that conducts air into the lungs.

A

primary bronchus

26
Q

divide further into tertiary bronchi

A

secondary bronchus

27
Q

any of the minute branches into which a bronchus divides.

A

bronchiole

28
Q

the most distal segment of the conducting zone. divides to form respiratory bronchioles which contain a small number of alveoli.

A

terminal bronchiole

29
Q

the narrowest airways of the lungs. deliver air to the exchange surfaces of the lungs.

A

respiratory bronchiole

30
Q

tiny ducts that connect the respiratory bronchioles to alveolar sacs, each of which contains a collection of alveoli (small mucus-lined pouches made of flattened epithelial cells).

A

alveolar duct

31
Q

any of the many tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange.

A

alveolus

32
Q

or lung roots, are relatively complicated structures that consist mainly of the major bronchi and the pulmonary arteries and veins. found on the medial aspect of each lung, and it is the only site of entrance or exit of structures associated with the lungs.

A

hilum

33
Q

the lateral deflection of the anterior border of the left lung. produced to accommodate the space taken up by the heart.

A

cardiac notch

34
Q

the outer membrane which is attached to the inner surface of the thoracic cavity.

A

parietal pleura

35
Q

the delicate serous membrane that covers the surface of each lung

A

visceral pleura

36
Q

the thin fluid-filled space between the two pulmonary pleurae (known as visceral and parietal) of each lung.

A

pleural cavity

37
Q

a dome-shaped muscular partition separating the thorax from the abdomen. as its contraction increases the volume of the thorax and so inflates the lungs.

A

diaphragm

38
Q

small muscles located in between each rib. motions of these muscles assist the lungs by raising the ribs and expanding the chest cavity.

A

external intercostals

39
Q

responsible for forced exhalation. depress the ribs and decrease space in the chest cavity.

A

internal intercostals

40
Q

is the maximum amount of air that can fill the lungs (TLC = TV + IRV + ERV + RV).

A

total lung capacity

41
Q

the lung volume representing the normal volume of air displaced between normal inhalation and exhalation when extra effort is not applied

A

tidal volume

42
Q

the greatest volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after taking the deepest possible breath.

A

vital capacity

43
Q

additional amount of air that can be expired from the lungs by determined effort after normal expiration

A

expiratory reserve volume

44
Q

the additional amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal inspiration (tidal volume).

A

inspiratory reserve volume

45
Q

is the amount of air that remains in a person’s lungs after fully exhaling.

A

residual volume

46
Q

represents the volume of ventilated air that does not participate in gas exchange.

A

airway dead space

47
Q

the tidal volume times the respiratory rate, usually, 500 mL × 12 breaths/min = 6000 mL/min.

A

alveolar minute volume

A&P (12 decks)

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