Respiratory

Question 1

Vt

Answer 1

Tidal volume
amount of air that enters or leaves the ling in a single respiratory cycle
500mL

Question 2

FRC

Answer 2

Functional residual capacity
amount of fas in the lungs at the end of passive expiration
2700mL

Question 3

IC

Answer 3

Inspiratory capacity
maximal volume of gas that can be inspired from FRC
4000mL

Question 4

IRV

Answer 4

Inspiratory reserve volume
additional amount of air that can be inhaled after a normla respiration
3,500mL

Question 5

ERV

Answer 5

Expiratory reserve volume
additional volume that can be expired after a passive expiration
1,500 mL

Question 6

RV

Answer 6

Residual volume
amount of air in the lung after a maximal expiration
1,200 mL

Question 7

VC

Answer 7

vital capacity
maximal volume that can be expired after a maximal inspiration
5,500 mL

Question 8

TLC

Answer 8

Total lung capacity
Amount of iar in the lung after a maximal inspiration
6,700 mL

Question 9

Total ventilation formula

Answer 9

Ve=Vt*f

Question 10

Dead space

Answer 10

space containing air but not exchanging O2 with CO2

Question 11

Alveolar ventilation formula

Answer 11

Va = (Vt-Vd)f

Question 12

major inspiration muscle

Answer 12

diaphragm

Question 13

Compliance formula

Answer 13

C=V/P

Question 14

Parasympathetic receptor in lungs

Answer 14

M3

stimulates bronchoconstriction

Question 15

Catecholamines effect in lung

Answer 15

bronchodilation

Question 16

basic pathologic alteratons in obstructive disease

Answer 16

• bronchoconstriction
• hypersecretion
• inflammation
• destruction of lung parenchyma

Question 17

Apneustic breathing

Answer 17

prolonged inspirations alterating with a short period of expiration

Question 18

Cheyne-Stokes breathing

Answer 18

periodic type of breathing which has cycles of gradual decrease in depth and frequency between periods of apnea

Question 19

Abnormal breathing pattern caused when damage to the caudal pons?

Answer 19

Apneustic breathing

Question 20

Abnormal breathing pattern caused when damage to the midbrain or congestive heart failure?

Answer 20

Cheyne-Stokes breathing

Question 21

4 lung volumes

Answer 21

tidal volume
inspiration reserve volume
expiratory reserve volume
residual volume

Question 22

4 lung capacities

Answer 22

inspiratory capacity
functional residual capacity
vital capacity
total lung capacity

Question 23

forced expiration muscles

Answer 23

external oblique
rectus abdominal
internal oblique
transverse abdominal muscles

Question 24

Obstructive lung disease examples

Answer 24

Asthma
Chronic bronchitis
Emphysema
Upper airway obstruction

Question 25

Restrictive pulmonary disease examples

Answer 25

Pulmonary fibrosis
Atelectasias
Pulmonary edema
Respiratory distress syndrome
asbestosis
sarcoidosis

Question 26

Examples of increased Co2 production

Answer 26

Hyperthermia and exercise

Question 27

Alveolar air equation

Answer 27

PAO2= (Patm - 47) FiO2 - (PACO2/RQ)

Question 28

from which spinal nerve comes the innervation for the diaphragm

Answer 28

C3-C5