Cardiovascular Physiology Flashcards
Poiseuille equation
Q=(P1-P2)/R
Variables for resistance of a vessel
Vessel radius
Vessel lenght
Blood viscosity
Most important factor determining the resistance
Vessel radius
Where does the largest pressure drop across the systemic circulation takes place?
In the arterioles
Prime deteminant of blood viscosity
Hematocrit
Types of flow in the system
Laminar flow
Turbulent flow
Laminar flow
Flow in layers
Turbulent flow
Nonlayered flow, creates murmurs
Reynold’s number
> 2000 turbulent flow
< 2000 laminar flow
Independent variables that determine systolic performance
Preload
Contractility
Afterload
Basic cardiomyopathy types
Dilated cardiomyopaty
Restrictive cardiomyopaty
Hypertrophic cardiomyopaty
Where are mechanoreceptors imbedded?
The walls of the aortic arch and carotid sinus
Afferent activity is relayed to the medulla via which cranial nerves?
IX carotid sinus
X aortic arch
NE Receptor
NE binds to alpha-1 receptor to actvate Gq
NO function
activates soluble guanylyl cyclase to increase smooth muscle cGMP
Determinants of cardiac output
heart rate
contractility
afterload
preload
Most compliant artery in the arterial system
aorta
fick principle
utilized to calculate the blood flow through an organ
major arteries that supply the splanchnic organs
celiac, superior and inferior mesenteric arteries
% of fetal CO that goes to the placenta
55
clinical marker of contractility
ejection fraction
clinical marker of afterload
arterial pressure
causes for concentric hypertrophy
pressure overload
causes for eccentric hypertrophy
volume overload
