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Physiology > Fluid distribution and edema > Flashcards

Fluid distribution and edema Flashcards

1
Q

Intracellular fluid

A

2/3 of total body water

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2
Q

Extracellular fluid

A

1/3 of total body water

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3
Q

Interstitial fluid

A

3/4 of the extracellular fluid

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4
Q

Plasma volume

A

1/4 of the extracellular fluid

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5
Q

Vascular compartment

A

contain the blood volume which is plasma and the cellular elements of blood, primarily red blood cells

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6
Q

Cell membrane

A

relative barrier for Na+

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7
Q

Capillary membrane

A

barrier for plasma proteins

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8
Q

Osmolarity

A

concentration of particles per liter of solution

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9
Q

Osmolality

A

concentration of particles per kg of solvent

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10
Q

Common examples that elevate osmolar gap

A 
ethanol
methanol
ethylene glycol
acetone
mannitol
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11
Q

Estimated osmolality

A

2(Na+) + glucose/18 + BUN/2.8

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12
Q

Primary factors regulating renin

A

Perfusion pressure to the kidney - decrease stimulates; increase inhibits
Sympathetic stimulation to kidney - increased via Beta-1 receptor
Na+ delivery to the macula densa - decrease stimulates; increase inhibits

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13
Q

Primary factors regulating aldosterone

A

Plasma (angiotensin II) - stimulates release

Plasma (K) - stimulates release

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14
Q

RAAS

A

Renin
Angiotensin
Aldosterone

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15
Q

Primary factors regulatins ADH

A

Plasma osmolarity stimulates

Blood volume/pressure (inversely related)

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16
Q

Forces governing hydrostatic pressure in the capilary

A

Flow
Venous pressure
Blood volume

17
Q

Primary causes for increased capilary pressure

A

Flow - Vasodilation
Venous pressure - venous obstruction, heart failure
Blood volume -heart failure

18
Q

Primary causes for increased intersticial oncotic pressure

A

Hypothyroid - myxedema

19
Q

Inflammatory response

A

TNF-alpha, histamine, bradykin

20
Q

Lymphedema

A 
Filarial (W Bancrofti)
Bacterial lymphangitis (streptococci)
Trauma
Surgery
Tumor

Physiology (8 decks)

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