Respiratory

Question 1

Respiratory

CURB65

Answer 1

Confusion	
Urea>7 mmol/l	
Respiratory rate>30	
BP - SBP < 90 or DBP < 60
65+ age

0-1: Treat as an outpatient
2-3: Hospital stay or close outpatient observation
4-5: Requires hospitalization / ICU

Question 2

Respiratory

Upper lobe fibrosis

Answer 2

SSCAAT

• Silicon
• Sarcoidosis
• Coal
• Ankylosing Spondylitis
• Aspergillus
• TB

Question 3

Respiratory

Lower lobe fibrosis

Answer 3

BRASI

• Bronchiectasis
• RA
• Asbestosis
• Scleroderma
• Idiopathic - drugs & radiation

Question 4

Respiratory

Hilar Lymphadenopathy

Answer 4

Sarcoid

Lymphoma

Question 5

Respiratory

Respiratory Crepitations

Answer 5

Fine
- APO / LVHF
- Fibrosis
Coarse / clears on coughing
- Infection

Question 6

Respiratory

Consolidation On Examination

Answer 6

Decrease percussion note
Increase vocal resonance
Bronchial breathing
Coarse crackles - clear with coughing

Question 7

Respiratory

Fibrosis On Examination

Answer 7

No change percussion note
No change vocal resonance
Fine crackles - end inspiratory -> UL or LL

Question 8

Respiratory

Effusion On Examination

Answer 8

Decrease percussion note
Decrease vocal resonance
Decreased breath sounds
Coarse crackles - exudate vs transudate

Question 9

Respiratory

Exudative Effusion Causes

Answer 9

>30g/l
Inflammatory
Infection
PE
Malignancy

Question 10

Respiratory

Transudative Effusion Causes

Answer 10

<25g/L
LVHF
Liver Failure
Renal Failure

Question 11

Respiratory

Transudative vs Exudative Effusion Criteria

Answer 11

Pleural fluid protein to serum protein > 0.5
Pleural fluid LDH to serum LDH > 0.6
Pleural fluid LDH > 0.6 or ⅔x normal upper serum limit