Neurology

Question 1

Neurology

Stroke on dominant side

Answer 1

Normally left side
Speech impairments / aphasia:
- Broca's
- Wernicke's
- Global Aphasia

Question 2

Neurology

Stroke on non-dominant side

Answer 2

Normally right side
Perceptual defects:
- Hemispatial neglect
- Anosognosia
- Apraxia
- Spatial disorganisation

Question 3

Neurology

Anosognosia

Answer 3

Deficit of self-awareness of one’s disability

Question 4

Neurology

Coma causes

Answer 4

Vascular - stroke, SAH, HTN
Infective - sepsis, meningitis, abscess, encpehalitis
Neurological - injury, tumour, syncope, seizure
Metabolic - Wernicke’s, electrolyte, endocrine
Environmental - hypothermia, hyperthermia, burns
Toxic CO, substance, overdose
Mimicking disorders - locked-in state

Question 5

Neurology

Drug related Delirium

Answer 5

Benzodiazepines - incl withdrawal
TCAs
NSAIDs
Lithium
Steroids
Drugs - cocaine, amphetamine

Question 6

Neurology

Delirium Causes

Answer 6

Infection
Drug-related
Alcohol-related - Wernicke's
Metabolic -hyper/oglycaemia, CHF, hypothermia
Neurological - Injury, ICH, seizure

Question 7

Neurology

Confusion Screen

Answer 7

Metabolic - BGL, UEC (Na, urea, creatinine), INR, TFT (T4), ABG, Ca
Septic test - MSU M/C/S, CXR, CRP, ESR
Structural - CT
Targeted - LP, EEG

Question 8

Neurology

Delirium Treatment

Answer 8

Lorazepam

Haloperidol

Question 9

Neurology

Epilepsy Types

Answer 9

Generalised
- Tonic Clonic
- Petit Mal
- Myoclonic
Partial

Question 10

Neurology

Epilepsy Treatment

• Tonic Clonic
• Petit Mal
• Myoclonic Seizure
• Partial Seizure

Answer 10

Tonic Clonic
- Valproate or lamotrigine
Petit Mal
- Ethosuximide or Valproate
Myoclonic Seizure
- Valproate
Partial Seizure
- Carbamazepine

Question 11

Neurology

Anti-convusants

• Partial Seizure
• Generalised Seizure
• Absence Seizure

Answer 11

Partial Seizure
- Carbamazepine
Generalised Seizure
- Carbamazepine or Valproate
Absence Seizure
- Ethosuximide

Question 12

Neurology

Mild Migraine or Tension Headache Management

Answer 12

NSAIDs (ibuprofen & aspirin)

Paracetamol

Question 13

Neurology

Severe Migraine Management

Answer 13

Triptans
OR
Ergotamine

Question 14

Neurology

Migraine Prophylaxis

Answer 14

Beta blockers (propanolol)
TCA (amitriptyline)
Other: NSAIDs, Valproate, Verapamil, Antihistamine

Question 15

Neurology

Tension Headache Prophylaxis

Answer 15

TCA

Question 16

Neurology

Immediate Stroke Management

Answer 16

Non-contrast CT
Alteplase if:
- ischaemic
- 18y.o.

Question 17

Neurology

Stroke Thrombolytic Contraindications

Answer 17

HTN - SBP 185+, DBP 110+
SAH
Septic emboli
INR > 1.5
Platelets < 100

Question 18

Neurology

Longterm Stroke Management

Answer 18

Aspirin OR Clopidogrel
AF
- Warfarin (target INR 2-3)
Manage HTN
Statin
Carotid endarterectomy

Question 19

Neurology

Common TIA cause

Answer 19

Emboli from internal carotid
Rx:
- Aspirin po

Question 20

Neurology

SAH Management

Answer 20

Nimodipine

Angiography for aneurysm clip

Question 21

Neurology

Subdural Haemorrhage Cause

Answer 21

Brain shrinkage

Question 22

Neurology

Extradural Haemorrhage Cause

Answer 22

Trauma in pterion
- Middle meningeal artery
Contre-Coup

Question 23

Neurology

Extradural Haemorrhage Signs

Answer 23

Decreased Consciousness
Ipsilateral pupil dilation - CNIII compression
Convex on CT

Question 24

Neurology

UMN lesion signs

Answer 24

Increase tone
Increase reflexes
Clonus
Plantar reflex +ve / up

Question 25

Neurology

LMN

Answer 25

Decrease tone
Decrease reflexes
Fasiculations
Wasting
Plantar reflex absent