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respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

olfactory receptors

A

nerve endings that act as the receptors for smell and taste

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2
Q

tonsils and adenoids

A

protect the system from from infection coming from the nose or mouth

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3
Q

palatine tonsils

A

located at the back of the mouth

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4
Q

nasopharyngealngeal tonsils

A

higher up, behind the nose and roof of the mouth

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5
Q

paranasal sinuses

A

air filled cavities with mucous membranes

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6
Q

frontal sinus
sphenoid sinus
maxillary sinus
ethmoid sinus

A

frontal: frontal bone in front of the eyebrows
sphenoid: sphenoid bone behind the eyes
maxillary: largest of paranasal sinus, behind the eyes
ethmoid: behind the nose and eyes

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7
Q

nasopharynx

A

transport of air and food into the oropharynx

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8
Q

oropharynx

A

transports air, and food to the laryngopharynx

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9
Q

laryngopharynx

A

air, food, and fluids continue downwards into the opening of the esophagus

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10
Q

surfactant

A

detergent-like substance that reduces surface tension of the fluid in the lungs

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11
Q

mediastinum

A

middle section of the chest cavity

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12
Q

pleura

A

thin, moist, and slippery membrane on the outer surface of the lungs and inner surface of the thoracic cavity

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13
Q

parietal pleura
visceral pleura
pleural cavity

A

pp: outer layer that forms the sac for each lung
vp: inner layer that forms each lung
pc: thin-fluid filled space between parietal and visceral pleura

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14
Q

COPD

A

group of lung diseases where the bronchial airflow is impacted and its hard to breathe

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15
Q

Chronic Bronchitis

A

disease where the airflows have become inflamed due to an irritant

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16
Q

emphysema

A

long term loss of lung function, progressive caused by a decrease in the number of alveoli

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17
Q

asthma

A

chronic lung disease of the bronchial tubes caused by an allergic reaction typically

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18
Q

URI

A

also the common cold

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19
Q

Allergic rhinitis

A

allergy that causes an allergic reaction

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20
Q

Croup (KROOP)

A

acute respiratory infection in children and infants causing a barking cough

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21
Q

Diphtheria

A

acute bacterial infection of the throat and respiratory tract

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22
Q

Epistaxis

A

Nosebleed, caused by dry air, injury, blood clotting, etc.

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23
Q

influenza

A

also known as the flu

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24
Q

pertussis

A

whopping cough

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25
rhinorrhea
runny nose
26
sinusitis
sinus inflammation
27
laryngospasm
sudden spasm of the larynx
28
aphonia
loss of the ability of the larynx to produce sound
29
dysphonia
difficulty in speaking, causing impairment in vocal quality
30
tracheorrhagia
bleeds from the mucous membrane of the trachea
31
bronchiectasis
permanent dilation of the bronchi
32
bronchorrhea
discharge of mucus from the bronchi
33
pleurodynia
sharp pain when inflamed membranes rub against each other
34
pleural effusion
excess accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
35
pyothorax
empyema of the pleural cavity
36
empyema
collection of pus in a cavity
37
hemothorax
collection of blood in the pleural cavity
38
pneumothorax
accumulation of air in the pleural space causing an imbalance of air causing the lungs to collapse
39
ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome)
lung condition caused by trauma pneumonia
40
atelectasis
collapsed lung
41
pulmonary embolism
blockage of a pulmonary artery
42
pneumorrhagia
lung bleeding
43
tuberclosis pneumonia cystic fibrosis lung cancer
tuber: infectious bacterial disease that attacks the lungs pneu: lung inflammation cystic fibrosis: thick mucus in lungs lung cancer: cancer cells in lung tissue
44
apnea
temporary absence of respiration (common in premature infants)
45
bradypnea
slow rate of respiration (abnormally slow)
46
cheyne-stokes respiration
irregular breathing pattern characterized by alternating rapid or shallow respiration
47
tachypnea
fast respiration, more than 20 per min
48
dyspnea
difficulty breathing
49
hyperventilation
extremely fast rate of breathing to decrease the level of co2
50
sleep apnea
breathing stops and decreases o2 levels considerably in sleep
51
expectoration
coughing up and spitting up salvia, mucus, or other bodily fluids
52
hemoptysis
coughing up blood or blood strained sputum (saliva+mucus)
53
airway obstruction
choking, partial or complete blockage of the lungs
54
anoxia
absence of o2 from the body tissue and organs even with an adequate blood flow
55
hypoxia
condition of having deficient o2 in the tissues and organs, less severe than anoxia
56
asphyxia
loss of consciousness when o2 levels are low
57
hypercapnia
abnormal build-up of co2 levels in the blood
58
hypoxemia
low o2 levels in blood caused by heart and respiratory conditions
59
respiratory failure
respiratory acidosis, where the level of o2 in the blood becomes very low or co2 becomes very high
60
smoke inhalation
damage to the lungs when particles from a fire coat the alveoli and prevent gas exchange
61
peak flow meter
device to measure air flowing out of the lungs for asthma patients
62
polysomnography
also known as a sleep study, measures physiological activity during sleep and can detect nocturnal defects in breathing
63
pulmonary function tests
group of tests that measure volume and airflow using a spiorometer
64
pulse oximeter
external monitor placed on the patients fingertip or earlobe to measure the o2 sat in the blood
65
sputum cytology
procedure when a sample of mucus is coughed from the lungs and examined for cancer
66
antitussive
cough medicine
67
bronchodilator - short-acting -long acting
medication that relaxes and expands the bronchial passages - reduce medication: short acting long acting: used everyday to control the condition
68
metered dose inhaler
administers a specific amount of medication such as a bronchodilator in air form
69
nebulizer
electronic device that pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to turn it into a mist
70
controller medicines
long-acting medications taken daily to prevent attacks by helping control inflammation
71
quick-relief medicines
taken at the first sign of an attack to dilate the airways
72
endotracheal intubation
passage of a tube through the mouth into trachea to make/maintain an opening
73
functional endoscopic sinus surgery
procedure performed using an endoscope where chronic sinusitis Is treated
74
laryncgectomy
surgical removal of the larynx
75
laryngotomy
surgical incision into the larynx
76
septoplasty
surgical repair or altercation of the nasal septum
77
tracheostomy
surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea to create a tube
78
tracheotomy
procedure which an incision is made into the trachea
79
wedge resection
surgery where a small piece of cancerous lung tissue is removed
80
throacentesis
surgical incision into the chest walls to open the pleural cavity to let fluid escape
81
VATS
Use of a throacoscope to view the inside of the pleural cavity
82
diaphragmatic breathing
abdominal breathing, relaxation technique used to relive anxiety
83
CPAP machine
noninvasive ventilation device used to treat sleep apnea
84
BiPAP machine
similar to a CPAP machine but can be set at a higher pressure for inhaling and a lower pressure for exhaling
85
ambu bag
emergency recusciator used to assist ventilation
86
ventilator
mechanical device for artificial respiration that replaces a patients natural breathing function
87
supplementary oxygen
administered when the patient is unable to maintain an adequate o2 sat level in the blood from breathing normal air

hosa flashcards personal (12 decks)

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