cardio

Question 1

pericardium

Answer 1

double-walled membrane sac that encloses the heart to reduce friction

Question 2

P wave

Answer 2

contraction of the atria

Question 3

QRS complex

Answer 3

atria relax as ventricles contract

Question 4

T wave

Answer 4

relaxation of ventricles

Question 5

congenital heart defects

Answer 5

structural abnormalities caused by the failure of the heart to develop normally before birth

Question 6

coronary artery disease

Answer 6

atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces blood supply to the muscles

Question 7

atherosclerosis

Answer 7

hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by the buildup of cholesterol plaque

Question 8

ischemic heart disease

Answer 8

group of cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of o2 blood to the heart

Question 9

angina

Answer 9

condition with severe episodes of chest pain occurring because of a lack of o2 blood

Question 10

myocardial infarction

Answer 10

heart attack; occlusion of one or more coronary arteries caused by plaque buildup

Question 11

heart failure

Answer 11

chronic condition where the heart is unable to pump out all the blood that it receives

Question 12

carditis

Answer 12

heart inflammation

Question 13

heart murmur

Answer 13

abnormal blowing or clicking sound heard when listening to the heart or large blood vessel

Question 14

valvulitis

Answer 14

heart valve inflammation

Question 15

valvular prolapse

Answer 15

abnormal protrusion of a heart valve

Question 16

valvular stenosis

Answer 16

narrowing: stiffening, thickening, or blockage of one or more valves of the heart

Question 17

arrhythmia

Answer 17

loss of the normal rhythm of the heartbeat

Question 18

asystole

Answer 18

complete lack of electrical activity in the heart

Question 19

cardiac arrest

Answer 19

where the heart abruptly stops beating or develops an imbalance in heart rhythm

Question 20

palpitation

Answer 20

pounding or racing heartbeat

Question 21

atrial fibrillation

Answer 21

when the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid, irregular twitching of the muscular heart wall

Question 22

paroxysmal supraventriclar tachycardia

Answer 22

episode that begins and ends abruptly during which there are rapid and regular heartbeats

Question 23

ventricular fibrillation

Answer 23

rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles

Question 24

angiostenosis

Answer 24

narrowing of the blood vessel

Question 25

hemangioma

Answer 25

benign tumour made up of newly formed blood vessels

Question 26

hypoperfusion

Answer 26

deficiency of blood passing through an organ or body part

Question 27

aneurysm

Answer 27

bulging weakened area in the wall of a blood vessel

Question 28

arteriosclerosis

Answer 28

group of diseases characterized by thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls

Question 29

arteristenosis

Answer 29

abnormal narrowing of an artery or arteries

Question 30

chronic venous insufficiency

Answer 30

a condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage

Question 31

phlebitis

Answer 31

inflammation of the veins

Question 32

thrombosis

Answer 32

having a blood clot in the interior wall of an artery or vein

Question 33

embolism

Answer 33

sudden blood vessel blockage caused by a foreign object

Question 34

peripheral arterial occlusive disease

Answer 34

impaired circulation to the extremities and vital organs that can cause changes in temperature and skin colour

Question 35

blood dyscrasia

Answer 35

pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood

Question 36

hemochromatosis

Answer 36

genetic disorder where the intestines absorb too much iron

Question 37

leukopenia

Answer 37

decrease in the number of disease-fighting wbc

Question 38

polythemia

Answer 38

increase of rbc due to excess production

Question 39

septicaemia

Answer 39

severe infections caused by bacteria in the blood

Question 40

thrombocytopenia

Answer 40

small number of platelets in the blood

Question 41

thrombocytosis

Answer 41

increase in platelets in the blood

Question 42

hemorrhage

Answer 42

loss of large amount of blood in a short time

Question 43

transfusion reaction

Answer 43

serious and potentially fatal complication of blood transfusion, because the blood doesn't match

Question 44

cholesterol

Answer 44

fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body

Question 45

hyperlipidemia

Answer 45

elevated levels of cholesterol and fatty substances in the blood

Question 46

leukaemia

Answer 46

type of cancer caused by a high number of abnormal wbc

Question 47

anemia

Answer 47

lower-than-normal number of rbc