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hosa flashcards personal > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

an/o

A

anus, ring

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2
Q

chol/e

A

bile, gall

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3
Q

cholecyst/o

A

gallbladder

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4
Q

col/o, colon/o

A

colon

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5
Q

-emesis

A

vomiting

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6
Q

enter/o

A

small intestine

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7
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

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8
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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9
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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10
Q

-lithiasis

A

presence of stones

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11
Q

-pepsia

A

digest, digestion

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12
Q

-phagia

A

eating, swallowing

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13
Q

proct/o

A

anus and rectum

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14
Q

rect/o

A

rectum, straight

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15
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon

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16
Q

labia

A

lips

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17
Q

Palate, Hard Palete, Soft Palate, Uvula

A

Palete- forms the roof of the mouth
Hard Palete- anterior portion of palete
Soft Palete- flexible portion of palete
Uvula- hangs from soft palete

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18
Q

Dosrum

A

upper surface in papillae-tastebuds

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19
Q

Sublingual surface

A

lies under the tongue and covered

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20
Q

Lingual frenum

A

band of tissue that attaches to the tongue

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21
Q

Peridonitum

A

structure that surrounds teeth

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22
Q

Gingiva

A

gums

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23
Q

Maxillary Arch
Mandibular Arch

A

upper and lower jaw

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24
Q

TMJ

A

when maxillary and mandibular arch meet at the back of the mouth

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25
Q

dentition

A

natural teeth arranged on the jaws

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26
Q

incisors and canines

A

biting and tearing

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27
Q

premolars (bicuspids) and molars

A

chewing and grinding

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28
Q

deciduous dentition
permanent dentition

A

baby teeth
adult teeth

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29
Q

occlusion

A

contact btwn chewing of upper and lower teeth

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30
Q

crown

A

tooth visible in the mouth

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31
Q

pyloric sphincter

A

controls flow of food

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32
Q

pylorus

A

narrow passage that connects stomach to ileum

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33
Q

anabolism

A

building of body cells from nutrients

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34
Q

catabolism

A

breaking down of body cells and substances

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35
Q

lacteals

A

absorb fat and fat-soluble vitamins

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36
Q

bornorygmus

A

rumbling stomach noise

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37
Q

aphthous ulcers

A

pits in soft tissue lining the mouth

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38
Q

cheilosis

A

crack-like sores on lip corners

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39
Q

herpes labialis

A

cold sores; on lips and facial tissue caused by HSV-1

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40
Q

leukoplakia

A

abnormal white precancerous lesions on the tongue and inside of cheek

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41
Q

stomatitis

A

inflammation of mucosa of mouth

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42
Q

stomatomycosis

A

disease of mouth due to fungus

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43
Q

trismus

A

restriction to opening of the mouth

44
Q

xerostomia

A

dry mouth; lack of adequate saliva

45
Q

cleft lip

A

harelip; deep grove of lip running to the nose

46
Q

cleft palete

A

failure of palete to close during fetal development

47
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

48
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease

A

upward flow of acid from stomach into esophagus

49
Q

barrett’s esophagus

A

epithelial esophageal tissue damaged by chronic acid exposure

50
Q

pyrosis

A

heartburn; acidic content in esophagus

51
Q

esophageal varies

A

enlarged and swollen veins of lower esophagus

52
Q

hiatal hernia

A

portion of stomach protrudes upward into the chest via diaphragm

53
Q

gastro-enteritis

A

inflammation of mucous membrane

54
Q

gastrorrhea

A

excessive secretion of gastric juices/mucus

55
Q

peptic ulcer

A

sore of mucous membrane: gastric (stomach), duodenal (small intestine), perforating (through organ wall)

56
Q

cachexia

A

physical wasting away

57
Q

pica

A

craving for nonfood substances

58
Q

malabsorption

A

small intestine can’t absorb nutrients

59
Q

aerophagia

A

excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking

60
Q

dyspepsia

A

pain/discomfort in digestion

61
Q

emesis

A

vomiting

62
Q

eructation

A

belching or raising stomach gas orally from the stomach

63
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting blood

64
Q

hyperemesis

A

extreme, persistent vomiting

65
Q

regurgitation

A

return of swallowed food into the mouth

66
Q

celiac disease

A

gluten intolerance; severe reaction to gluten

67
Q

colorectal carcinoma

A

colon cancer

68
Q

diverticulosis

A

chronic perseverance of abnormal number of diverticula in small pouch of organ lining

69
Q

diverticulitis

A

inflammation or infection of diverticuli

70
Q

enteritis

A

inflammation of small intestines from pathogens

71
Q

ischemic colitis

A

large intestine has inadequate blood

72
Q

paralytic

A

partial or complete blockage of small intestine

73
Q

IBD

A

disease causing inflammation in intestines
ulcerative colitis; chronic flares of inflammation in the rectum and large intestines
chrohns disease; chronic autoimmune disorder commonly in intestines

74
Q

intestinal obstruction

A

partial of complete blockage of small intestine
intestinal adhesion: abnormal adhesion of parts of intestines
strangulation obstruction; blockage of blood flow

75
Q

volvulus

A

twisting of intestine on itself

76
Q

intussuseption

A

telescoping of part of the small intestine into the opening of an adjacent part

77
Q

inguinal hernia

A

profusion of small loop of bowel through lower abdominal wall or groin

78
Q

strangulated hernia

A

portion of intestine constricted in hernia (abnormal exit)

79
Q

dysentery

A

bacterial infection spread fecal orally

80
Q

anal fissue

A

small crack-like sore in anal skin

81
Q

bowel incontinence

A

inability to control excretion of faces

82
Q

constipation

A

abnormally infrequent bowel movements

83
Q

hemmerrhoids

A

cluster of veins, muscles, and tissue slip near or through the anal opening

84
Q

rectocele

A

bulging of front rectum into the female privates

85
Q

cholangitis

A

acute inflammation of bile duct

86
Q

cholecystitis

A

inflammation of gallbladder due to gallstones

87
Q

cholelithaisis

A

presence of gallstones in the gallbladder or bile duct

88
Q

billiary colic

A

pain caused by passage of gallstones through bile duct

89
Q

hematochezia
melena
steatorrhea

A

blood in stool
black, tarry, and foul-smelling stool
excessive fat in stool

90
Q

cirrhosis

A

chronic scarring degenerative disease of the liver

91
Q

NAFLD

A

nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, accumulation of fat in liver of people who consume minimal alcohol
(Nash is liver damaging inflammation)

92
Q

enema

A

solution in rectum and colon to empty the lower bowel activity

93
Q

hemoccult test

A

test for hidden blood in stool

94
Q

antacid

A

neutralizes stomach acid

95
Q

proton pump inhibitor

A

decrease amount of acid produced in stomach

96
Q

antimetic

A

prevents or relieves nausea and vomiting

97
Q

laxative

A

stimulates bowel movement

98
Q

dental prophylaxis

A

cleaning of teeth

99
Q

nasogastric intubation

A

feeding tube through the nose and into the stomach

100
Q

Gastrstomy tube

A

surgically placed feeding tube from exterior of body into the stomach

101
Q

Total parenteral nutrition

A

Administered to patients who can’t/shouldn’t get nutrition via eating

102
Q

Baraistric surgery

A

treats morbid obesity by restricting the amount of food that enters and is digested by the stomach
gastric bypass-makes stomach smaller
lap-band adjustable gastric banding-reversible band around stomach to restrict eating

103
Q

gastroduodenostomy

A

establishment of an anastomosis btwn upper stomach and duodenum

104
Q

ostomy

A

surgery to create a stoma (opening) btwn an organ and body surface

105
Q

proctpexy

A

surgical fixation of prolapsed rectum to adjacent tissue/organ

106
Q

laparoscopic cholecystectomy

A

surgical removal of gallbladder using laparoscope

hosa flashcards personal (12 decks)

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