Digestive System Flashcards
1
Q
an/o
A
anus, ring
2
Q
chol/e
A
bile, gall
3
Q
cholecyst/o
A
gallbladder
4
Q
col/o, colon/o
A
colon
5
Q
-emesis
A
vomiting
6
Q
enter/o
A
small intestine
7
Q
esophag/o
A
esophagus
8
Q
gastr/o
A
stomach
9
Q
hepat/o
A
liver
10
Q
-lithiasis
A
presence of stones
11
Q
-pepsia
A
digest, digestion
12
Q
-phagia
A
eating, swallowing
13
Q
proct/o
A
anus and rectum
14
Q
rect/o
A
rectum, straight
15
Q
sigmoid/o
A
sigmoid colon
16
Q
labia
A
lips
17
Q
Palate, Hard Palete, Soft Palate, Uvula
A
Palete- forms the roof of the mouth
Hard Palete- anterior portion of palete
Soft Palete- flexible portion of palete
Uvula- hangs from soft palete
18
Q
Dosrum
A
upper surface in papillae-tastebuds
19
Q
Sublingual surface
A
lies under the tongue and covered
20
Q
Lingual frenum
A
band of tissue that attaches to the tongue
21
Q
Peridonitum
A
structure that surrounds teeth
22
Q
Gingiva
A
gums
23
Q
Maxillary Arch
Mandibular Arch
A
upper and lower jaw
24
Q
TMJ
A
when maxillary and mandibular arch meet at the back of the mouth
25
dentition
natural teeth arranged on the jaws
26
incisors and canines
biting and tearing
27
premolars (bicuspids) and molars
chewing and grinding
28
deciduous dentition
permanent dentition
baby teeth
adult teeth
29
occlusion
contact btwn chewing of upper and lower teeth
30
crown
tooth visible in the mouth
31
pyloric sphincter
controls flow of food
32
pylorus
narrow passage that connects stomach to ileum
33
anabolism
building of body cells from nutrients
34
catabolism
breaking down of body cells and substances
35
lacteals
absorb fat and fat-soluble vitamins
36
bornorygmus
rumbling stomach noise
37
aphthous ulcers
pits in soft tissue lining the mouth
38
cheilosis
crack-like sores on lip corners
39
herpes labialis
cold sores; on lips and facial tissue caused by HSV-1
40
leukoplakia
abnormal white precancerous lesions on the tongue and inside of cheek
41
stomatitis
inflammation of mucosa of mouth
42
stomatomycosis
disease of mouth due to fungus
43
trismus
restriction to opening of the mouth
44
xerostomia
dry mouth; lack of adequate saliva
45
cleft lip
harelip; deep grove of lip running to the nose
46
cleft palete
failure of palete to close during fetal development
47
dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
48
gastroesophageal reflux disease
upward flow of acid from stomach into esophagus
49
barrett's esophagus
epithelial esophageal tissue damaged by chronic acid exposure
50
pyrosis
heartburn; acidic content in esophagus
51
esophageal varies
enlarged and swollen veins of lower esophagus
52
hiatal hernia
portion of stomach protrudes upward into the chest via diaphragm
53
gastro-enteritis
inflammation of mucous membrane
54
gastrorrhea
excessive secretion of gastric juices/mucus
55
peptic ulcer
sore of mucous membrane: gastric (stomach), duodenal (small intestine), perforating (through organ wall)
56
cachexia
physical wasting away
57
pica
craving for nonfood substances
58
malabsorption
small intestine can't absorb nutrients
59
aerophagia
excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking
60
dyspepsia
pain/discomfort in digestion
61
emesis
vomiting
62
eructation
belching or raising stomach gas orally from the stomach
63
hematemesis
vomiting blood
64
hyperemesis
extreme, persistent vomiting
65
regurgitation
return of swallowed food into the mouth
66
celiac disease
gluten intolerance; severe reaction to gluten
67
colorectal carcinoma
colon cancer
68
diverticulosis
chronic perseverance of abnormal number of diverticula in small pouch of organ lining
69
diverticulitis
inflammation or infection of diverticuli
70
enteritis
inflammation of small intestines from pathogens
71
ischemic colitis
large intestine has inadequate blood
72
paralytic
partial or complete blockage of small intestine
73
IBD
disease causing inflammation in intestines
ulcerative colitis; chronic flares of inflammation in the rectum and large intestines
chrohns disease; chronic autoimmune disorder commonly in intestines
74
intestinal obstruction
partial of complete blockage of small intestine
intestinal adhesion: abnormal adhesion of parts of intestines
strangulation obstruction; blockage of blood flow
75
volvulus
twisting of intestine on itself
76
intussuseption
telescoping of part of the small intestine into the opening of an adjacent part
77
inguinal hernia
profusion of small loop of bowel through lower abdominal wall or groin
78
strangulated hernia
portion of intestine constricted in hernia (abnormal exit)
79
dysentery
bacterial infection spread fecal orally
80
anal fissue
small crack-like sore in anal skin
81
bowel incontinence
inability to control excretion of faces
82
constipation
abnormally infrequent bowel movements
83
hemmerrhoids
cluster of veins, muscles, and tissue slip near or through the anal opening
84
rectocele
bulging of front rectum into the female privates
85
cholangitis
acute inflammation of bile duct
86
cholecystitis
inflammation of gallbladder due to gallstones
87
cholelithaisis
presence of gallstones in the gallbladder or bile duct
88
billiary colic
pain caused by passage of gallstones through bile duct
89
hematochezia
melena
steatorrhea
blood in stool
black, tarry, and foul-smelling stool
excessive fat in stool
90
cirrhosis
chronic scarring degenerative disease of the liver
91
NAFLD
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, accumulation of fat in liver of people who consume minimal alcohol
(Nash is liver damaging inflammation)
92
enema
solution in rectum and colon to empty the lower bowel activity
93
hemoccult test
test for hidden blood in stool
94
antacid
neutralizes stomach acid
95
proton pump inhibitor
decrease amount of acid produced in stomach
96
antimetic
prevents or relieves nausea and vomiting
97
laxative
stimulates bowel movement
98
dental prophylaxis
cleaning of teeth
99
nasogastric intubation
feeding tube through the nose and into the stomach
100
Gastrstomy tube
surgically placed feeding tube from exterior of body into the stomach
101
Total parenteral nutrition
Administered to patients who can't/shouldn't get nutrition via eating
102
Baraistric surgery
treats morbid obesity by restricting the amount of food that enters and is digested by the stomach
gastric bypass-makes stomach smaller
lap-band adjustable gastric banding-reversible band around stomach to restrict eating
103
gastroduodenostomy
establishment of an anastomosis btwn upper stomach and duodenum
104
ostomy
surgery to create a stoma (opening) btwn an organ and body surface
105
proctpexy
surgical fixation of prolapsed rectum to adjacent tissue/organ
106
laparoscopic cholecystectomy
surgical removal of gallbladder using laparoscope
