endocrine system

Question 1

pituitary gland

Answer 1

pea sized gland that secretes hormones

Question 2

pineal gland

Answer 2

very small endocrine glands that influence the sleep-wakefulness cycle including the hormone melatonin

Question 3

thyroid gland

Answer 3

butterfly-shaped gland that lies on either side of the larynx and regulates the body’s metabolism

Question 4

parathyroid gland

Answer 4

the size of a grain of rice; regulates calcium levels throughout the body

Question 5

adrenal gland

Answer 5

located with one on top of each kidney; controls electrolyte levels in the body

Question 6

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Answer 6

stimulates the growth and secretions of the adrenal cortex

Question 7

follicle-stimulating hormone

Answer 7

stimulates the secretion of estrogen and growth of ova and testicles

Question 8

growth hormone

Answer 8

regulates growth of the bone, muscle, and other body tissues

Question 9

interstitial cell-stimulating hormone

Answer 9

stimulates ovulation in the female and the secretion of testosterone in the male

Question 10

lactogenic hormone

Answer 10

stimulates secretion of birth milk

Question 11

luteinizing hormone

Answer 11

stimulates ovulation in the female the secretion to testerone in the male

Question 12

melanocyte-stimulate hormones

Answer 12

increases the production of melanin in melanocytes causing darkening of skin

Question 13

antidiuretic hormone

Answer 13

secreted by the hypothalamus and stores and released in the pitiuariy gland, helps control bp by reducing the amount of water excreted in the kidneys

Question 14

oxytocin

Answer 14

stimulates urine contractions during childbirth, after childbirth, oxytocin controls postnasal hemmorrhage and stimulates the flow of milk from the mammary glands

Question 15

melatonin

Answer 15

influences the sleep-wakefulness portions

Question 16

thyroxine and triiodothyronine

Answer 16

2 primary thyroid hormones that regulate rate of metabolism and affect the growth and rate of function of body systems

Question 17

calcitonin

Answer 17

produced by thyroid gland and works with parathyroid hormones to decrease calcium levels in the blood and tissue by moving calcium into storage in bones and teeth

Question 18

parathyroid hormone

Answer 18

regulate calcium levels in blood and tissues

Question 19

corticosteroids

Answer 19

steroid hormones

Question 20

epinephrine

Answer 20

adrenaline

Question 21

norepinephrine

Answer 21

stimulates fight or flight response

Question 22

progesterone

Answer 22

released during second half of the menstrual cycle

Question 23

hyperthyroidism

Answer 23

overproduction of thyroid hormones which causes an imbalance of the metabolism

Question 24

Graves’ disease

Answer 24

immune system attacks the thyroid gland and stimulates it to make excessive amounts of thyroid hormone

Question 25

diabetes mellitus

Answer 25

group of metabolism disorders resulting in insulin secretion

Question 26

type 1 diabetes

Answer 26

autoimmune insulin deficiency disorder

Question 27

type 2 diabetes

Answer 27

insulin resistance disorder