Respiratory Flashcards
What FEV FVC level is deemed obstructive
FEV1/FVC ratio less than 70%
What is reversibility testing ?
in adults, a positive test is indicated by an improvement in FEV1 of 12% or more and increase in volume of 200 ml or more
What COPD severity is a FEV of >80%
mild
What COPD severity is a FEV of <50-79
moderate
What COPD severity is a FEV of <30-49
severe
What COPD severity is a FEV of <30%
very severe
How does Granulomatosis with polyangiitis present
Upper respiratory tract: epistaxis, sinusitis, nasal crusting
Lower respiratory tract: dyspnoea, haemoptysis
Glomerulonephritis
Saddle-shape nose deformity
How does Good pasteurs present?
Haemoptysis
Systemically unwell: fever, nausea
Glomerulonephritis
What are 4 features of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ?
progressive exertional dyspnoea
bibasal fine end-inspiratory crepitations on auscultation
dry cough
clubbing
What will you see on spirometry for a patient with IPF?
Increased FEV/FVC
What will you see on CT scan on a IPF patient?
Honeycombing
4 conditions that Kartagener’s syndrome are associated with
dextrocardia or complete situs inversus
bronchiectasis
recurrent sinusitis
subfertility (secondary to diminished sperm motility and defective ciliary action in the fallopian tubes)
What sputum do you get with Klebsiella pneumonia ?
red current sputum
Who is Klebsiella pneumonia associated with ?
Alcoholics and Diabetics
3 organisms behind lung abscesses
Staphylococcus aureus
Klebsiella pneumonia
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Two conditions adenocarcinoma of the lung are associated with
gynaecomastia
hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPOA)
two suscipious features of mesothelioma on cxr
painless pleural effusion
Pleural thickening
name 3 indications for NIV
type 2 resp failure
COPD with respiratory acidosis
weaning from tracheal intubation
What does the Lights criteria say about an exudate pleural effusion
Light’s criteria should be applied. An exudate is likely if at least one of the following criteria are met:
pleural fluid protein divided by serum protein >0.5
pleural fluid LDH divided by serum LDH >0.6
pleural fluid LDH more than two-thirds the upper limits of normal serum LDH
What is CURB65 made up of?
Confusion 8/10 on AMTS
Urea
Resp Rate >30
BP SP <90 and DP <60
At what CURB score should you hospitalise?
> 2
Primary Pneumothorax: if <2cm
Discharge if not symptomatic
Pneumothorax if >2cm
Chest drain
Pneumothorax is <2cm but SOB
Chest drain
