Haematology Flashcards
How is VWF inherited?
Autosomal Dominant
How would VWF present?
APTT may be prolonged
Factor VIII levels may be moderately reduced
How would you treat VWF?
Tranexamic acid for mild bleeding
Desmopressin
Which type of leukaemia has Auer rods in it?
AML
How do you treat warm AIHA ?
steroids and rituximab
what conditions do you get target cells in ?
sickle cell
thalassaemia
iron deficency anaemia
what condition do you get spherocytes in ?
autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
what condition do you get howell jolly bodies in ?
Hyposplenism
WHat conditions do you get Heinz bodies in >
G6PD deficency
Alpha thalassaemia
WHat do you see on blood film for a patient with megaloblastic anaemia ?
Hypersegmented neutrophils
What happens in Non-haemolytic febrile reaction and how do you manage it?
Fever, chills
Slow or stop the transfusion
Paracetamol
What happens in acute haemolytic reaction?
You get fever, abdominal pain and hypotension
How does burkitts lymphoma appear on microscopy ?
Starry sky appearance
5 consequences of tumour lysis syndrome
hyperkalaemia
hyperphosphataemia
hyperuricaemia
hypocalcaemia
acute renal failure
What is Richter’s transformation ?
Transformation of CLL to high grade lymphoma
Is lymphadenopathy more marked in CML or CLL
CLL
What will you see on blood film for CLL
Smudge or Smear cells
What leukaemia is associated with the Philadelphia chromosome
CML
What is the first line treatment for CML ?
Imatinib
How long should you have anti coag therapy fro post VTE
3 months if provoked
6 months if not provoked
What are two things that can trigger a G6PD attack ?
Fava aka broad beans
Infection
How does G6PD deficency typically present?
It presents with neonatal jaundice and heinz bodies on blood film.
WHat is the coag profile like for someone with haemophilia ?
Prolonged APTT
normal everything else.
What is hereditery spherocytosis ?
Normal biconcave RBC disc is replaced by a sphere like RBC. RBC survival is reduced as more are destroyed in the spleen. Generally management is splenectomy.
