RESPIRATORY 1 Flashcards
equine influenza strain
a and b
sequelae of equine influenza
pleuropneumonia
Most commonly vaccinated dz in horses
equine influenza
equine influenza has high cases in the ph so proactive vaccination is a must
f. not common
eq. influenza vaccination protocol
Vaccinated beginning at 6 months of age
Booster at 4-6 weeks then continued yearly
In other countries, vaccinate every 1-2 years
unique infection of horses
guttural pouch infxn
GP infexn Interact and in close proximity with the __
pharynx
lower respiratory is at risk in GP infexn
upper
if mucus is yellowish, this can be indicative of
fungi
GP infexn leads to abscessation in __
LN
can happen before or after strangles
GP infexn
diagnostic method esp if having difficulty treating the GP infection
Bacterial or fungal isolation
Can help deciding another antibiotic/antifungal
bacterial or fungal isolation
antifungal for GP infexn
Ketoconazole
draw parts of horse pharynx
–
Equine form of asthma
heaves
heaves infect upper respiratory tract
f. lower
heaves sex predilection
none
heaves occurs high in older horses
true
heaves is seen interacted with this in temperate countries with
thermophilic molds
meaning of SEA/EAS
SEVERE equine asthma, equine asthma syndrome
meaning of RAO
recurrent airway syndrome
Meaning of BW
broken wind
chronic heaves have heaves line coursing along mid to caudal part of horse’s __ &+++
thorax and abdomen
chronic heaves cause Inflamed lower respiratory tract leading to
hypoxemia
Arrow: thickened part of the bronchus in heaves is due to
accumulation of mucus because of intense sneezing and coughing
based on wbc leukocytes are very high in horses with heaves
false. normal.
More preferred corticosteroids in horses
prednisolone
Blood in the airways during exercise
EIPH
EIPH is life threatening
T
in EIPH __ is broken due to intense pressure and exercise
Pulmonary capillary membrane
Any blood in any part of respiratory system
EIPH
pathogenesis of EIPH
high intensity exer –> high pulmo venous pressure –> pulmonary vein wall remodeling –> venous occlusion –> incr. pulmonary capillary pressure –> capillary rupture –> bleeding –> EIPH + Lung fibrosis
thickened walls and interstitia in lungs → lungs cannot expand as much → less air effusion → less ability to breathe
lung fibrosis
grade of EIPH: flecks or narrow streams
G1
grade of EIPH: long streams <!/3 circ
2
grade EIPH: multiple streams >90% tracheal surface
4
grade EIPH” multiple streams >1/3 circ
3
grade: streams coalesce, form one big stream → one big clot more severe than streaks
4
testing done to check on airway lung lobes
Pulmonary Function Testing
done when there are Content of exudate missed by endoscope
bronchial lavage
prevention drug for EIPH
furosemide
Prevents EIPH by reducing overall bp in horse
furosemide
bacteriostatic antibitoics
ECSTTC
eryth
clind
sulpho
trime
tertra
chloram
bactericidal antibiotics
VPFCCM
vanco
peni
fluro
cephalo
carbapenems
metron
most used antibiotic in horses
peni
Very strong backup drug
ceftiofur
antibiotic with anaerobic coverage
doxy
drug that should not be given IV
doxy
drug GIT infections
Excellent anaerobic activity
metron
drug used for mild topical skin infexn
aminoglycosides
