clinical exam 2 Flashcards
most used imaging method
endoscopy
meaning of LLH, EE, DDSP
Left laryngeal hemiplegia
epiglottic entrapment
Dorsal displacement of the soft palate
other term for LLH
RLN recurrent laryngeal neuropathy
telltale sign of LLH
roaring
inflamed, broken down larynx
LLH
in LLH, this muscle do not abduct properly
arytenoid m.
Presents as roaring - associated immediately to
__
LLH
hemiplegia
cause of LLH
unknown
laryngeal grade at exercise: Full abduction of the arytenoid cartilages during inspiration
A or 1
laryngeal grade at exercise: slightly affected abduction, slighlty curved
Partial abduction of the affected arytenoid cartilage (b/w full and the resting position)
b or 2
laryngeal grade at exercise: abduction
Held at the resting position
c or 3
whatgrade: collapse
Collapse into the contralateral half of the ruma glottidis during inspiration
d or 4
tx for LLH
laryngoplasty
Ventriculocordectomy
simultaneous 1 and 2
nerve implantation
“Hobday” operation
Ventriculocordectomy
Tie-back method
laryngoplasty
only done to grade 3 or 4 LLH
laryngoplasty
easiest tx method to LLH
laryngoplasty
T/F laryngoplasty can be done on standing horse
t. but prone to irritants
Removal or cut away of laryngeal ventricle and vocal cord
Ventriculocordectomy
Ventriculocordectomy and laryngoplasty can be done simultaneously only when the animal is __
fully sedated
nerve implantation in LLH involves: Laryngeal reinnervation of the __ muscle (move one of the nerves from right to left)
CAD (cricoarytenoideus dorsalis)
EE happens when there is loose ___ and mucosa is displaced ____
Loose aryepiglottic folds & mucosa displace dorsally
EE = “__” over the epiglottis
wrapping
breed predilection of EE
throughbreds/racehorses
cause of EE
uknown
top 2 meds used in EE
flunixin
phenylbutazone
if EE recurrent , this forms __ and __
fibrous tissue and ulceration
best tx of EE
surgical resection: Laryngotomy
bistoury transection
recurrence rate of EE
5-7%
Dorsal displacement of the soft palate is when
Soft palate displaces dorsally
DDSP leads to ___ obstruction
airway
DDSP involves what noise
gurgling
horses with DDSP can have ___% silent displacers
10-20%
best tx for DDSP
Surgical transection
Staphylectomy
laser/cautery assissted
tx for DDSP
Antinflamm to Prevent irritation
- NSAIDs or systemic med
Surgical transection
Staphylectomy
laser/cautery assissted
Larnygeal tie-forwards
Surgical repositioning of the larynx
+ Myectomies
Opposite of tie back
2-4 inches removed muscle
Surgical repositioning of the larynx
laryngeal tie-forwards
non-surgical way tx of DDSP pre-race
tongue tie
how is pulmonary funxn tsts done?
Run on treadmills
Breathers are attached and measured
if transtracheal washes are inflamed this will be full of what type of WBC
eosino
Ancillary diagnostic test)
getting arterial blood sample
