respirationsveje Flashcards

1
Q

Early heart disease
Pulmonary edema
Tracheal collapse

HOSTE hvornår??

A

om natten

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2
Q

Allergic COPD
Infectious
Parasitic
HOSTE hvornår??

A

During daytime

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3
Q
Allergic
Parasittic
Pneumonia
Pulmonary edema
HOSTE hvilken type??
A

produktiv

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4
Q
Bronchitis
Heart disease (w/o failure)
Tracheal collapse
Neoplasia
Tracheitis
HOSTE hvilken type??
A

tør

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5
Q

Capillaria aerophila

hedder i talesprog?

A
Lunge-hår orm
Unknown prevalence in DK
Direct life cycle
Diagnosed by flotation / bronchoscopy or BAL
svært at diff. æg fra Trichuris
Often subclinical infection but cough may be seen
Therapy: fenbendazol, avermectiner
(milbemycin, ivermectin, moxidectin)
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6
Q

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus

hedder i talesprog?

A

Kattens lungeorm
tilstede i DK.
der er formentlig højere frekvens end hvad man regner med i dk! Sneglen er mellemvært- fugl transport mellemvært.
sæsondistribution: efterår pga snegle. Mange kommer først til dyrlæge om vinteren pga der går lidt tid før sygdom udvikler sig.

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7
Q

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus

kliniske tegn

A

hoste, dyspnø, anorexi.¨
ofte subklinisk. sporadisk fatal.
røntgen: ligner bronkielt lungemønster. svær fibrose

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8
Q

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus
behandling?
diff. diagnoser?

A

Treatment: fenbendazole, macrocyclic lactones

diff.: astma og andre luftvejslidelser

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9
Q
Oslerus osleri 
(Canine verminous nodular bronchitis)
kliniske tegn
diagnose
behandling
A

Nodulære forandringer i trachea.
Diagnosed throughout all continents (prevalence unknown). Relativt sjældent i DK (hyppigere i England) og typisk i større hundehold.
4-10 mm long
Direct life-cycle (dogs often infected as puppies) (mor kan smitte gn spyt. ellers fæcal-oral)
Clinical signs: dry cough, bronchitis, dyspnoea
Diagnosed by Baermann method, bronchoscopy
Treatment: fenbendazole, macrocytic lactones (little evidens, anecdotal reports

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10
Q

Crenosoma vulpis

kaldes i talesprog

A
Rævens lungeorm.
Diagnosed throughout Europe / world
Prevalence in DK (0-3.4% from 2003-2007)
Indirect life-cycle (snails / slugs)
Clinical signs: cough, bronchitis
Rarely serious
Important differential Dx in Denmark
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11
Q

Crenosoma vulpis
diagnosticering
behandling

A

TAL, BAL eller Bærman
Advocate: moxidectin (M-L, avemectin)/Imidacloprid (imidazothiazole)
eller
Milbemycinoxim

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12
Q

Angiostrongylus vasorum (fransk hjerteorm)
mellemvært?
PP tid?

A
lymnaea trumcatula (PYTNEGLEN) 
• Prepatency time of 5- 10 weeks
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13
Q

Angiostrongylus vasorum

Age distribution

A

> 50 % of infected dogs are 1 year or less

  • Eating behaviour?
  • Age resistance? ingen immunitet da der ses reinfektioner!
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14
Q

Angiostrongylus vasorum

Hvorfor ses der anæmi?

A

Der laves så mange huller i karrene at koagulationsfaktorerne opbruges og når der så laves
et nyt hul, så bløder det.

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15
Q

Angiostrongylus vasorum

Klinisk

A

Hoste, dyspnø
Coagulopathy
kan medføre Cor pulmonale (ikke ofte men 5% udvikler det)

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16
Q

Angiostrongylus vasorum

diagnostisk

A

Demonstration of L1 larvae (bærmann, snaptest, BAL,FNASP)
ELISA snaptest
røntgen: mix af mønstre
First (5-7 weeks PI): diffuse bronchial and interstitial patterns and small focal areas of alveolar patterns
• Later: multiple amorph alveolar and interstitial densities often in the periphery of the lungs
• Chronic: predominant bronchial and interstitial patterns

17
Q

hvad er cor pulmonale

A

pulmonær hypertension

18
Q

Angiostrongylus vasorum

behandling:

A
Advocate: moxidectin (M-L, avermectin)/Imidacloprid (imidazothiazole)
eller
Milbemycinoxim
eller
Fenbendazole
19
Q

Felin lower airway disease

også kaldet?

A

astma
eosinofil.
bronkitis ikke eosinofilt.

20
Q

Hvordan adskiller felin astma sig fra kronisk bronkitis?

A

astma: anfald + eosinofile (BAL). reverble type 1 hypersens.reaktion!
kronisk bronkitis: neutrofile (BAL).

21
Q

KAT med:
• Open mouth breating
• Extended neck
• Shallow and rapid respiration

A

Clinical presentation in dyspnoea (lower airways)

22
Q

kronisk bronkitis:

aldersgruppe

A

unge til middelaldrende

kombination af faktorer

23
Q

astma + kronisk bronkitis behandling

A

Solu-Cortef (hydrocortisonsuccinat)
Bronkodilaterende behandling (terbutalin - B2 reseptor agonist)
Atropin / adrenalin (akut behandling)
Ilt (100%)

24
Q

Astma

• Prædisponerede

A

Alle katteracer
Siameser, abyssinier, balineser & himalyan
Kan debutere tidligt i kattens liv!
• Anfald med hoste og hivende vejrtrækning
• Akut kan ses eksspiratorisk dyspnø, åben mund vejrtrækning og cyanose
• Oftest normal mellem anfald
• Auskultation
• Rallelyde/hvæsende/pibende vejrtrækning

25
Q

Angiostrongylose hos hund diagnosticeres ofte i Danmark. Hvilke radiologiske forandringer ses hyppigst ved denne sygdom?

A

Mixed pattern i dorso-kaudale lungefelt

26
Q

den hyppigste årsag til larynx parese hos hund

A

isiopatisk

27
Q

hvilke hunde får larynxparese?

A

sibirian huskies + bullterrier (medfødt)

Ellers især gamle golden retriever og labrador.

28
Q

Myastenia gravis er hvad?

A

neurologisk sygdom. Træt ved motion pga nedsat acethylcholin. kan påvirke normal synkerefleks.

29
Q

Hvilken af nedenstående muligheder er ikke sædvanligvis årsag til aspirationspneumoni hos hund?

a. Larynx parese
b. Megaesophagus
c. Myastenia gravis
d. Hyperthyreoidisme

A

Hyperthyreoidisme

30
Q

Hvilket af nedenstående udsagn er korrekt ?

a. Trachealkollaps kan behandles medicinsk og kirurgisk
b. Trachealkollaps kan behandles med ballondilatation
c. Trachealkollaps inddeles i 4 grader baseret på graden af stridor
d. Trachealkollaps skal altid behandles kirurgisk

A

Trachealkollaps kan behandles medicinsk og kirurgisk

31
Q

thoracocentese

A

6-8 intercostalrum

32
Q

Spontan pneumothorax

Hvad skal der gøres?

A

kirurgi (thorax drænage)