RESPIRATION: The Maintenance of Life

Question 1

is essentially the release of energy from glucose molecules that are broken down
to individual carbon dioxide molecules.

Answer 1

Respiration

Question 2

Types of Cellular Respiration (2)

Answer 2

Aerobic respiration
Anaerobic Respiration

Question 3

is the biological process by which reduced organic compounds
are mobilized and subsequently oxidized in a controlled manner.

Answer 3

Aerobic respiration

Question 4

are two forms of respiration that carried on without the
presence of Oxygen.

Answer 4

Anaerobic Respiration

Question 5

takes place in the cytoplasm and requires no oxygen gas (O2).Derived from two Greek words meaning “splitting sugar.”

Answer 5

Glycolysis

Question 6

in a series of reactions, the glucose molecule becomes a fructose
molecule carrying two phosphates (P).

Answer 6

Phosphorylation

Question 7

this sugar (fructose) molecule is split into two 3-carbon fragments
called glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GA3P).

Answer 7

Sugar cleavage

Question 8

(which involves the oxidation of the sugar fragments),- some hydrogen, energy, and water are removed from the 3-carbon fragments, leaving
pyruvic acid

Answer 8

Pyruvic acid formation

Question 9

Before a pyruvic acid molecule enters the citric acid cycle, in the mitochondria, a
carbon dioxide molecule is removed and a molecule of NADH is produced, leaving an acetyl
fragment.

Answer 9

Pyruvate Oxidation

Question 10

originally named the Krebs cycle after Hans Krebs, a British biochemist who received
a Nobel Prize in 1953 for his unraveling of many of the complex reactions that take
place in respiration.

Answer 10

Citric Acid Cycle

Question 11

is a chain of electron acceptor molecules embedded in
the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.

Answer 11

Electron Transport Chain

Question 12

also degrades glucose and other organic
molecules without oxygen

Answer 12

Fermentation

Question 13

Certain fungi and prokaryotes carry on

Answer 13

lactate fermentation

Question 14

Factors Affecting the Rate of Respiration (4)

Answer 14

Temperature
Water
Oxygen
Injury

Question 15

plays a major role in the rate at which the various respiratory reactions
occur

Answer 15

Temperature

Question 16

inside the cells and their organelles act as a medium in which the enzymatic
reactions can take place.

Answer 16

Water

Question 17

High concentration of oxygen increases the rate or aerobic respiration

Answer 17

Oxygen

Question 18

Rate of respiration is increased in injuried tissue. Because induced tissue starch is
converted into sugar

Answer 18

Injury