Respiration (Test 2) Flashcards
What organs help facilitate cellular respiration?
- Lungs
- Heart
- Blood
What are the 2 divisions of the respiratory system?
- Conducting zone
- Respiratory zone
What is the conducting zone?
- Allows air to enter into deeper regions of the lungs
What is the respiratory zone?
- The lung region that contains many blood vessels for gas excange
What does caffeine do?
- Prevents the breakdown of cAMP
What are the two types of alveoli?
- Type 1: very thin epithelial cells that participate in gas exchange
- Type 2: cuboidal cells that produce surfactant to prevent water from “beading” and collapsing the lung
What cavity are the lungs housed in?
- The pleural cavity
What does the pontine respiratory group (PRG) do?
- Acts to smooth out inspiration and expiration
Which brain structure controls the heart?
- The medulla
What does the ventral respiratory group (VRG) do?
- Contains HCN1 ion channels and controls rhythm of breathing
What does the dorsal respiratory group (DRG) do?
- Integrates info from the VRG and PRG and relays info to the diaphragm (via the phrenic nerve)
What does an increase in CO2 cause?
- An increase in H+ concentration in blood and CSF
Increased CO2 levels in the circulatory system causes potassium channels to ___ and calcium channels to ___
- Open due to local acidic conditions
- Close due to hyperpolarization preventing MLC phosphorylation
Increased CO2 levels in the pulmonary system causes potassium channels to ___ and calcium channels to ___
- Close due to local acidic conditions
- Open due to depolarization, promotion MLCK activity
Give an example of an obstructive disease
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
