Respiration and Metabolism

Question 1

What is breathing?

Answer 1

Breathing is a mechanical process which involves the lungs to exchange gases between the lung surface and the blood.

Question 2

What does respiration involve?

Answer 2

Transferring energy from GLUCOSE to the living cell.

Question 3

How does oxygen enter the blood in breathing?

Answer 3

By diffusion where it combines with haemoglobin in the red blood cells. The red blood cells then transport oxygen to the tissues and cells.

Question 4

How are both respiration and breathing linked?

Answer 4

You cant have one without the other so you cant have aerobic respiration with breathing. However anaerobic respiration is without oxygen.

Question 5

What are the seven life processess?

Answer 5

Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition

Question 6

What type of process is respiration?

Answer 6

Exothermic process as it releases or gives out energy(heat).

Question 7

What are the three uses of energy released from respiration?

Answer 7

METABOLISM
MOVEMENT
FOR MAMMALS AND BIRDS NEEDING TO MAINTAIN A CONSTANT BODY TEMPERATURE.

Question 8

What are the two types of metabolism?

Answer 8

CATABOLISM-When a large molecule is broken down into smaller ones.(eg proteins to amino acids, fats to fatty acids and glycerol, and glycogen turns into glucose)
ANABOLISM-When a large molecule is made from smaller molecules.(eg amino acids to hormonal protein, and excess glucose to glycogen)

Question 9

What is metabolism?

Answer 9

Metabolism are all chemical reactions that are taking place in the body cells.

Question 10

How is the energy used for movement in respiration?

Answer 10

Muscles need energy when they contract bones are attached to muscles by tendons.
When a muscle contracts it pulls the bone enabling you to move.
Also allows animals to catch prey and avoids some other animals to be caught by predators.

Question 11

What are the two types of respiration and what are the word equations for both?

Answer 11

AERBOIC :

Glucose + Oxygen —> Carbon dioxide + Water (+Energy)
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy released
Breathing in —-> Breathing out

ANAEROBIC:

Glucose —-> Lactic acid (+Energy)

Question 12

Where does aerobic respiration occur?

Answer 12

Mitochondria.

Question 13

Which molecule is energy stored in?

Answer 13

ATP(Adenosine Triphosphate)

Question 14

What does anaerobic respiration do with energy?

Answer 14

It provides a burst of energy to the organism when oxygen cant get to the muscle tissues fast enough

Question 15

What is the use of lactic acid?

Answer 15

Lactic acid builds up in the muscle and causes pain, muscle fatigue and stops muscles contracting properly.

Question 16

Equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast(fermentation)?

Answer 16

Glucose —> Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide (+energy)
C6H12O6—> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

Question 17

What is ethanol used to make?

Answer 17

Alcoholic drinks

Question 18

What is OXYGEN DEBT

Answer 18

When you exercise and the muscle cells respire anaerobically then oxygen debt builds up. Oxygen debt is the amount of oxygen the muscles should have got if they were respiring aerobically.

Question 19

How is the oxygen debt repaid?

Answer 19

After the exercise has stopped by heavy breathing which means your heart rate stays high for 10-15 mins.

Question 20

What are the three uses of glucose in plants

Answer 20

Cellulose production- strengthens the plant cell wall
Starch production-Storage form of glucose
Amino acids-Used to synthesise proteins

Question 21

Use of glucose in animals?

Answer 21

Glycogen which stores glucose.

Question 22

Where are lipid molecules found?

Answer 22

Cell membrane

Question 23

What is aerobic respiration?

Answer 23

When oxygen is used to oxidise glucose so energy can be released from it

Question 24

What is anaerobic respiration?

Answer 24

Anaerobic respiration is respiration in the absence of oxygen.