Respiration And Breathing Flashcards
What is the word equation for respiration and breathing
Glucose+oxygen– carbon dioxide+water+energy
What does aerobic respiration require
The presence of oxygen
How do humans breathe
By exchanging oxygen for carbon dioxide in the lungs
How do fish breathe
By extracting oxygen from water in their gills
What is the definition of breathing
The process by which animals bring air or water into contact with their gaseous exchange surface.
Nose
Moistens, cleans and tests the air taken in
Epiglottis
Stops food from going down the lungs
Trachea (windpipe)
Tube by which air is moved into and out of the lungs
Rings of cartilage
Keep the trachea permanently open
Bronchus
Carries air from the trachea to and from the lungs
Bronchiole
Narrow tubes through which gases diffuse to and from the alveoli.
Alveoli (air sacs)
Tiny air sacs through which gas exchange takes place via the blood capillaries. The large number ensures that there is a large surface area for gas exchange.
Diaphragm
A strip of muscle that forces the air to move into and out of the lungs.
How is gas exchanged in the alveoli
Oxygen passes through the walls of the alveoli and into the blood capillaries by diffusion. Carbon dioxide passes the other way by diffusion
How does smoking damage your lungs
It makes breathing difficult and causes lungs diseases includinh cancer
Describe an experiment to show that carbon dioxide is produced during respiration
Test tube with a wire gauze with woodlice on it in the middle and and limewater below it.
The limewater turns milky-carbon dioxide was produced during respiration. Living organisms produce carbon dioxide.
Describe an experiment to show that water is produced during respiration
Breath onto a small piece of glass.
Drops of liquid form.
The liquid turns blue cobalt chloride paper pink.
Describe an experiment to compare the carbon dioxide levels of inhaled and exhaled air.
Blow through tube A. Time how long it takes to turn the limewater milky.
Suck through tube B. Time how long it takes to turn limewater milky.
Result: B takes much longer to turn limewater milky.
Conclusion: expired air contains more carbon dioxide than inspired air.
