Circulation Of Blood Flashcards
What is blood
A fluid consisting of blood cells and platelets suspended in a solution called plasma.
What is circlulation
The movement of blood around the body
What is plasma
Plasma contains water, dissolved proteins, salts, hormones, antibodies and urea.
Platelets
Clot blood
White blood cells
Protect against disease by engulfing germs or by releasing antibodies that kill germs
Red blood cells
Are cells without a nucleus.
They contain haemoglobin, which is the substance that carries the oxygen.
What are the functions of the blood
Absorbs the products of digestion
Circulates food, oxygen, hormones, antibodies, carbon dioxide and unwanted substances like urea around the body.
Protects against loss of fluid by clotting and also against disease by killing germs.
Controls the amounts of water and chemicals in the tissue.
Regulates body temperature.
Arteries
Carry blood away from the heart to the body (cells and tissues). They carry blood under high pressure. They have thick muscular walls.
Veins
Carry blood from the body to the heart.
They carry blood under low pressure. They have valves to prevent the backflow of blood.
Cappilaries
Are tiny and carry blood in and put through the tissues. They have very thin walls.
The heart
Pumps blood around the body. It is a double pump.
It is divided into two sections so that the blood does not flow directly from one side to the other.
Vena cava
Carries blood low in oxygen from the body to the heart.
Right atrium
Has thin walls. It pumps oxygen into the right ventricle.
Right ventricle
Has thicker walls because it pumps blood to the lungs
Pulmonery artery
Carries the low-oxygen blood to the lungs.
Pulmonery vein
Carries blood rich in oxygen from the lungs to the heart.
Aorta
Carries the oxygen rich blood all around the body.
Left atrium
Has thin walls. It pumps oxygen rich blood into the left ventricle.
Left ventricle
Has very thick walls because it pumps oxygen rich blood all around the body
When does pulse rate increase
With excercise, as more oxygen is required.
Name three ways heart disease can be prevented
Regular exercise
Healthy diet
Not smoking
What is the average pulse rate for an adult as rest
70 beats per minute
