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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

name one substance that is able to pass through through the membrane of an animal cell

A

carbon dioxide (co2)

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2
Q

name one example of a plant tissue

A

xylem/phloem

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3
Q

In germinating seeds, the radicle always grown downwards as in the diagram. What name is given to this response? What is the advantage to the plant of the radicle always growing downwards?

A

Geotropism. Helps the root get water/minerals and helps anchorage.

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4
Q

What is meant by the fertile period of the menstruel cycle?

A

Time during which fertilisation/pregnancy is most likely to occur

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5
Q

During what range of days is menstruation most likely to occur?

A

1-5

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6
Q

What is the normal temperature of the adult human body?

A

37 degrees

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7
Q

what is the process by which mammals release energy from food?

A

respiration

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8
Q

During gaseous exchange in the lungs, gas X leaves the blood vessels and enters the alveolus. At the same time, gas Y leaves the alveolus and enters te blood vessel. Name gas Y.

A

oxygen

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9
Q

Name two substances excreted by the skin

A

salt and urea

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10
Q

How many chromosomes are usually found in the nucleus of a human cell?

A

23

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11
Q

What name is given to the parts of chromosomes that control inheritable characteristics?

A

genes

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12
Q

name the two substances from which chromosomes are made

A

DNA and protein

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13
Q

name two other types of carbohydrate that are important in a balanced diet

A

fibre and cellulose

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14
Q

Why do we need to eat starchy foods?

A

energy

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15
Q

what is an enzyme?

A

A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body without being used up

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16
Q

Name the enzyme which begins to break down starch in our digestive systems.

A

Amylase

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17
Q

Name two parts of the digestive system where the breakdown of starch takes place

A

mouth and the small intestine

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18
Q

Name two food types that eggs are a good source of

A

Protein and Iron

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19
Q

Why is blood considered to be a tissue

A

It is made up of different cells carrying out a similar function

20
Q

Name a substance carried by blood

A

Oxygen

21
Q

How can human activity give rise to global warming?

A

Humans burning fossil feuls

22
Q

Give one effect of global warming

A

The increase in temperature causes flooding

23
Q

What is contraception

A

The prevention of fertilisation or pregnancy

24
Q

Name one form of contraception

A

Condoms

25
Q

Give one function of the tissues, xylem and phloem

A

Xylem carries water and dissolved minerals in the plant

Phloem carries food(usually from leaves to other parts of the plant)

26
Q

Name the two substances that chromosomes are made of

A

DNA and protein

27
Q

State how a named plant can reproduce asexually

A

Strawberries form runners, which grow from the parent plant and give rise to a new plant by producing roots

28
Q

Describe the movement a hinge joint makes

A

It can only move in one direction, back and forth

29
Q

Explain how muscled cause the movement of a hinge joint

A

When the bicep muscle contracts it pulls up the lower arm. To lower the arm the triceps muscle contracts and the biceps relax

30
Q

Name a gas that moves into and a gas that moves out of a green leaf during photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide

31
Q

Give two ways in which transfer of pollen between plants occurs

A

Winds and insects

32
Q

Name the part of the flower that produces the male gamete

A

Anther

33
Q

What part of the flower produces the female gamete

A

Carpel

34
Q

What follows fertilisation in flowers

A

The formation of a zygote, which then forms a seed

35
Q

Name an enzyme, substrate and a product

A

Salivary amylase, starch and maltose

36
Q

Give an alloy And a use for it

A

Brass- musical insturements

37
Q

What substance is formed when carbon is burned in oxygen and its effect on litmus paper

A

Carbon dioxide- it turns blue litmus paper red

38
Q

Water has been flowing through a pipe, which now has deposit in it. Give a reason for the deposit

A

When hard water is heated the limescale, which is insoluble, is deposited on the pipe.

39
Q

Using their atomic symbols, arrange the metals, copper, calcium,zinc and magnesium in order of decreasing reactivity with dilute hydrochloride acid.

A

Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu

40
Q

Name two non metallic elements

A

Oxygen and nitrogen

41
Q

Usually the solubility of a solid increases with increasing temperatures. The solubility of a gas decreases as the temperature increases. Why?

A

At higher temperatures the particles in gas have more kinetic energy moving faster as they move out of the solvent.

42
Q

Which two gases are produced when a fossil fuel is burned?

A

Co2 and H2O

43
Q

Name and describe four processes used in the treatment of water

A

Screening- water is passed through screens to remove large debris like twigs and leaves
Filtration- water is passed through beds of sand to remove smaller insoluble particles.
Chlorination- chlorine is added to kill bacteria
Fluoridation- Fluorine is added to prevent tooth decay

44
Q

A force

A

Anything that tries to change the shape, direction or velocity of a body. (N)

45
Q

Weight

A

The gravitational force from the earth. (Newtons)

Science (12 decks)

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