Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

What is respiration?

A

The process of releasing energy from glucose

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2
Q

In what cells does respiration occur?

A

All of them

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3
Q

What type of organisms respire?

A

All of them

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4
Q

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

A

Aerobic uses oxygen

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5
Q

Which is the most efficient way to release energy from glucose?

A

Aerobic respiration

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6
Q

When does aerobic respiration happen?

A

All of the time

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7
Q

Where does most of the reactions in aerobic respiration occur?

A

Mitochondria

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8
Q

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

A

Glucose+Oxygen—->Carbon Dioxide+Water+Energy

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9
Q

What are the 4 ways organisms use energy?

A

Build large molecules from smaller one
Allow muscles to contract for movement (animals)
Maintain Body Temp (mammals and birds)
Build sugars, nitrates and other nutrients into amino acids and then proteins (plants)

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10
Q

What happens during physical activity?

A

Increase speed at which heart pumps

Increase breathing rate and breath deeper

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11
Q

Why does blood flow at a faster rate during Excercise?

A

Glucose and oxygen need to be supplied to muscle cells

Carbon dioxide needs to be removed

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12
Q

Why does blood flow at a faster rate during Excercise?

A

Glucose and oxygen need to be supplied to muscle cells

Carbon dioxide needs to be removed

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13
Q

Why does breathing rate increase during exercise?

A

Higher demand for oxygen

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14
Q

What happens to an unfit persons heart rate during exercise?

A

Goes up more and takes longer to recover

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15
Q

What is glycogen?

A

Stored glucose

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16
Q

Where is glycogen stored?

A

Mainly liver, but each muscle has its own store

17
Q

What happens to glycogen during excercise and why?

A

Converted to glucose to provide more energy

18
Q

When does the body start doing anaerobic repspiration?

A

When the body can’t supply enough oxygen to the muscles

19
Q

What is anaerobic respiration?

A

The incomplete breakdown of glucose

20
Q

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?

A

Glucose —-> Energy + Lactic Acid

21
Q

Why is anaerobic respiration < aerobic respiration?

A

Lactic acid builds up in muscles (which is painful)
Causes muscle fatigue (stop contracting efficiently)
Does not provide nearly as much energy

22
Q

What is the advantage of anaerobic respiration?

A

Use muscles for longer

23
Q

What is oxygen debt?

A

Having to repay the oxygen you didn’t get to muscles in time, because your lungs, heart and blood couldn’t keep up with the demand earlier on

24
Q

Why do you breath hard after excersising?

A

To get oxygen into blood, so it can oxidise lactic acid in muscles

25
Q

What happens to lactic acid after its oxidised?

A

Turns into CO2 and water

26
Q

What detects high levels of CO2 and lactic acid in the blood?

A

The brain