Respiration Flashcards
What respiration
Carried out by all cells in order to release the sugar from food
What is the energy released from the breakdown of glucose used to generate
ATP
What can the energy transferred by ATP be used for
Cellular activities
What are the cellular activities that require ATP
Muscle cell contraction, cell division, protein synthesis and transmission of nerve impulses
What is glucose broken down into
Two molecules of pyruvate
What does the breakdown of glucose yield
Two molecules of ATP
What does the further breakdown of glucose depend on
The presence/absence of glucose
What happens if oxygen is present
Aerobic respiration takes place
What happens during aerobic respiration
Each pyruvate is broken down tic carbon dioxide and water
What does aerobic respiration yield
A large number of roof ATP molecules
What is the word summary of aerobic respiration
Glucose+oxygen —- carbon dioxide+water+energy
What happens in the absence of oxygen
The fermentation pathway takes place
What is the fermentation pathway
In animals cells the pyruvate molecules are converted to lactate and in plant an yeast cells they are converted to carbon dioxide and ethanol
What does the fermentation pathway yield
Two molecules of ATP
What is the word summary of this process in animal cells
Glucose —- lactate+energy
What is the word summary for this process in plant and yeast cells
Glucose —- carbon dioxide+ethanol+enenergy
Where does respiration begin
Cytoplasm
Where is the process of fermentation completed
Cytoplasm
Where is the process of aerobic respiration completed
Mitochondria
