RESPIRATION Flashcards
Write a brief note on glycolysis.
- First stage of respiration
- The breakdown of glucose (6C) into two pyruvates (2 x 3C) in the cytosol.
- Oxygen is not needed
- A small amount of energy is used - 2 ATP
- Some energy is used to make NADH.
Write a brief note on Acetyl Co - Enzyme A.
- Pyruvic acid loses a carbon dioxide molecule
- Forms a 2-carbon molecule called acetyl coenzyme A.
Write a brief note on Adenosine triphosphate.
- ATP is an energy courier as it diffuses rapidly.
- It is an energy carrier
- It stores chemical energy
Write a brief note on the electron transport chain.
- Oxygen is required
- ## The electrons are passed along a series of carrier molecules.
Name the 3-carbon molecule that is an intermediate compound in both aerobic and anaerobic
respiration.
Pyruvate
What name is given to the biochemical pathway by which this intermediate compound is
produced?
Glycolysis
What happens to the intermediate compound referred to in (i) above when oxygen is available
and used in the breakdown of glucose?
In your answer refer to:
1. Krebs cycle.
2. Electron transport system.
- It enters the lumen of the mitochondrion
- It loses CO2 and 2H + and 2e-
- It gets converted to acetyl coenzyme A.
- NADH is formed and enters the electron transport system.
- Electrons are passed along a series of carrier molecules
- Energy is released
- ATP is made from ADP and P.
What is produced from the intermediate compound referred to in (i) above when oxygen is not
available
1. in muscle?
2. in yeast?
- Lactic Acid
- Ethanol
Name two types of particle that are transferred by NAD.
Electrons and protons.
How constant pH maintained:
pH buffer
How constant temperature maintained:
Water bath
Other product produced during fermentation:
CO2
Test to confirm alcohol present:
Iodoform (test)
Balanced equation to summarise aerobic respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6H2O + 6CO2
Name the storage polysaccharide in humans from which glucose is produced.
Glycogen
