Respi Embryo Flashcards

1
Q

The upper respiratory tract consists of?

A

Nasal cavity, pharynx

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2
Q

Lower respiratory tract consists of?

A

Larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

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3
Q

The lower respiratory tract develops from the ____ part of the foregut? @___ weeks

A

Median diverticulum

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4
Q

The respiratory bud appear @week4 as an outgrowth @ ____ part of the for gut?

A

Ventral wall

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5
Q

The _____ lining the laryngotrachea Diverticum gives rise to epithelium and glands of the respiratory tract
And the spanchnic mesoderm gives rise to?

A

Endoderm
CT, cartilage, smooth muscle

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6
Q

Laryngeal muscle& cartilage except ____ develop from the mesoderm of the ___ to ___ pair of pharyngeal arch

A

Epiglottis
4th to 5th pair

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7
Q

The epiglottis is formed from?

A

The caudal part of the hypo pharyngeal eminence @ mesoderm

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8
Q

Due to rapid growth of the laryngeal orifice the epiglottis transforms from ____ to ____

A

Sagital slit to a T-shaped opening

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9
Q

Vacuolation and recanalization occurs @ ____ weeks?
And gives rise to

A

10 week
A pair of lateral recesses called laryngeal ventricle

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10
Q

During recanalization of the larynx ____, _____&_____ are formed

A

Laryngeall ventricle, vocal folds, vestibular folds

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11
Q

The larynx muscles are innervated by?
_____ innervates the derivatives of the 4th pharyngeal atch
_____ innervates the derivatives of the 6th pharyngeal atch

A

Vagus N(10tg cranial nerve)
Superior laryngeal N
Left recurrent laryngeal N

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12
Q

Laryngeal Atresia(AreAs😁) is also called?

A

CHAOS congenital high airway obstruction syndrome
Incomplete recanalization of the larynx

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13
Q

Left and right main bronchi are formed @ ____ weeks

A

5

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14
Q

Tacheaoesophageal Fistula occurs mostly @ ___ part of the oesophagus?
Occurs mainly on____
Symptoms

A

Distal part attaches to the oesophagus ( lower respiratory tract)
Males
Coughing, regurgitation,

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15
Q

The segmental bronchi begins to form @ ___weeks

A

7th

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16
Q

The parietal and viseral layer of the lungs are formed from?

A

Somato mesoderm– Peri
Splanchnic mesoderm– viseral

17
Q

The maturation of the lungs is divided into ____ namely? And time

A

Pseudo glandular 5th weeks- 17week
Canalicular 16th-25th wedks
Terminal sac 24 weeks to birth
Alveolar late fetal period to childhood

18
Q

Why does the period of maturation of the lungs overlap?

A

Because the cranial segment of the lungs mature faster than the caudal ones

19
Q

@ what stage of lungs maturity is respiration possible?

A

Canalicular phase
But might still dies bcus of incomplete maturity

20
Q

@ what stage of lungs maturity can a baby survive being born?
& has air-blood barrier?
But may suffer from?

A

Terminal Sac
Respiratory Distress due to lack of surfactant which is the collapse of the lungs on expiration due to high surface tension

21
Q

Surfactant production begin @ ____ week @ ____ phase of lung maturity

A

20 weeks of terminal sac

22
Q

Mature alveoli didn’t form until after birth
T OR F

23
Q

The fluid in the lyngs are cleared at birth by?

A

Pressure on the fetal thorax during delivery
Absorption by the pulmonary capillaries and lymphatic

24
Q

The growth of the lyngs after birth is mainly due to

A

Increase in the number of respiratory bronchiol and alveoli

25
Only 1/6 if adult alveoli is present @ birth the rest developed in the next 10 years T or F
T
26
What are the factors responsible for normal lung growth?
Adequate thoracic space for its growth Adequate amniotic fluid volume Fetal breathing movement
27
RDS can be treated with?
Thyroxine and glucocuticoid help stimulate surfactant production
28
What's oligohydroammios?
This is the severe reduction of amniotic fluid in the lungs and it causes pulmonary hypoplasia