Respi Embryo Flashcards
The upper respiratory tract consists of?
Nasal cavity, pharynx
Lower respiratory tract consists of?
Larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
The lower respiratory tract develops from the ____ part of the foregut? @___ weeks
Median diverticulum
The respiratory bud appear @week4 as an outgrowth @ ____ part of the for gut?
Ventral wall
The _____ lining the laryngotrachea Diverticum gives rise to epithelium and glands of the respiratory tract
And the spanchnic mesoderm gives rise to?
Endoderm
CT, cartilage, smooth muscle
Laryngeal muscle& cartilage except ____ develop from the mesoderm of the ___ to ___ pair of pharyngeal arch
Epiglottis
4th to 5th pair
The epiglottis is formed from?
The caudal part of the hypo pharyngeal eminence @ mesoderm
Due to rapid growth of the laryngeal orifice the epiglottis transforms from ____ to ____
Sagital slit to a T-shaped opening
Vacuolation and recanalization occurs @ ____ weeks?
And gives rise to
10 week
A pair of lateral recesses called laryngeal ventricle
During recanalization of the larynx ____, _____&_____ are formed
Laryngeall ventricle, vocal folds, vestibular folds
The larynx muscles are innervated by?
_____ innervates the derivatives of the 4th pharyngeal atch
_____ innervates the derivatives of the 6th pharyngeal atch
Vagus N(10tg cranial nerve)
Superior laryngeal N
Left recurrent laryngeal N
Laryngeal Atresia(AreAs😁) is also called?
CHAOS congenital high airway obstruction syndrome
Incomplete recanalization of the larynx
Left and right main bronchi are formed @ ____ weeks
5
Tacheaoesophageal Fistula occurs mostly @ ___ part of the oesophagus?
Occurs mainly on____
Symptoms
Distal part attaches to the oesophagus ( lower respiratory tract)
Males
Coughing, regurgitation,
The segmental bronchi begins to form @ ___weeks
7th
The parietal and viseral layer of the lungs are formed from?
Somato mesoderm– Peri
Splanchnic mesoderm– viseral
The maturation of the lungs is divided into ____ namely? And time
Pseudo glandular 5th weeks- 17week
Canalicular 16th-25th wedks
Terminal sac 24 weeks to birth
Alveolar late fetal period to childhood
Why does the period of maturation of the lungs overlap?
Because the cranial segment of the lungs mature faster than the caudal ones
@ what stage of lungs maturity is respiration possible?
Canalicular phase
But might still dies bcus of incomplete maturity
@ what stage of lungs maturity can a baby survive being born?
& has air-blood barrier?
But may suffer from?
Terminal Sac
Respiratory Distress due to lack of surfactant which is the collapse of the lungs on expiration due to high surface tension
Surfactant production begin @ ____ week @ ____ phase of lung maturity
20 weeks of terminal sac
Mature alveoli didn’t form until after birth
T OR F
T
The fluid in the lyngs are cleared at birth by?
Pressure on the fetal thorax during delivery
Absorption by the pulmonary capillaries and lymphatic
The growth of the lyngs after birth is mainly due to
Increase in the number of respiratory bronchiol and alveoli
Only 1/6 if adult alveoli is present @ birth the rest developed in the next 10 years
T or F
T
What are the factors responsible for normal lung growth?
Adequate thoracic space for its growth
Adequate amniotic fluid volume
Fetal breathing movement
RDS can be treated with?
Thyroxine and glucocuticoid help stimulate surfactant production
What’s oligohydroammios?
This is the severe reduction of amniotic fluid in the lungs and it causes pulmonary hypoplasia
